Nutrient Intake, Digestibility and Growth Performance of Growing Yankasa Rams fed Urea Treated and Untreated Sorghum Stover with Supplementation
Keywords:
Sheep farmer, Animal Nutritionists, Extension workers
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the nutrient intake, digestibility and growth performance of growing Yankasa rams fed urea treated and untreated sorghum stover with supplementation. Twenty rams were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments in a Completely Randomized Design. Rams on treatments 1 and 2 were fed untreated sorghum stover while those on 3 and 4 were given treated sorghum stover. Treatments 1 and 3 were supplemented with cotton seed cake (CSC alone) while those on treatment 2 and 4 were supplemented with cotton seed cake and maize bran (CSC+MB 50:50). The experiment lasted for 63 days. The results indicated that urea treatment increased crude protein (CP) content of sorghum stover by 219% and decreased acid detergent fibre by 21.57%. Significant (P<0.05) differences were observed in nutrient intake, growth performance and digestibility. Dry matter intake (DMI) was higher in treatment 1 (576.10 g/day) and lowest in 4 (513.64 g/day). Live weight gain was affected by the dietary treatments with treatment 3 having the highest value of 78.89g/day and treatment 2 the least (57.46 g/day). Animals fed diet 4 (6.81) utilized their diet much more efficiently compared to others. Crude protein digestibility (CPD) and acid detergent fibre digestibility (ADFD) were higher in treatment 3 (83.65 and 79.36%), while treatment 1 had the lowest values (75.57 and 54.16%). Based on the higher average daily weight gain and better feed conversion ratio compared to others, treatment 3 and 4 fed urea treated sorghum stover supplemented with CSC alone and CSC+MB 50:50, respectively were recommended for growing Yankasa rams.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abebe, G., Merkel, R. C., Animut, G., Sahlu, T. and Goetch, A. L. (2004). Effect of Ammoniation of Wheat Straw and Supplementation with Soybean Meal or Broiler Litter on Feed Intake and Digestion in Yearling Spanish Goat Wethers. Small Ruminant Research, 51: 37-46
Abebe, H. (2008). Supplementation of graded levels of concentrate mixture on feed intake, digestibility, and body weight and carcass characteristics of Washera sheep fed urea treated rice straw. MSc. thesis presented to school of graduate studies of HaRamsaya University, Ethiopia, 64p.
Adeola, E. A., Garba, Y. and Baba, M. (2021). Growth performance and in vivo nutrients digestibility of growing Yankasa ram lambs fed diets containing graded levels of sesame residue. Journal of Animal Health and Production, 9(2): 107-111
Adu, I. F., Lufadeju, E. A., Lakfini, C. A. M and Alhassan, W. J. (1993). Effect of Treatment on the utilization of stover by Yankasa sheep. The Small Ruminant Research Network Newsletter No. 25.
Ahmed, A., Khan, M. J., Shahjalal and Islam K. M. S. (2002). Effects of feeding urea and soybean meal -treated rice straw on digestibility of feed nutrients and growth performance of Bull calves. Asian-Aust. Journal of Animal Science. 15(4):522-527.
Aime, J. N., Suchet, L. L., Sandra, S., Charles, L. O. and Arthur, S. (1999). Effect of urea treatment on digestibility and utilization of sorghum straws. Biotechnology, Agronomic, Society Environment. 3: 78 – 85.
Ajayi, H. I., Olomu, J. M. and Oyedeji, J. O (2008). Potentials of African pear (Dacryodes edulis) as a feedstuff for animals. Proceedings of the 13th Annual conference of Animal Science Association of Nigeria, September, 15 – 19, 2008, Zaria, Nigeria.
Akinmutimi, A. H. (2004). Evaluation of sword bean Canavalia gladiate as an alternative feed resource for broiler chickens. PhD Thesis, submitted to Department of Non-ruminant Animal Production Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria.
AOAC (1999). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemist. 14th Edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington D.C., U.S.A, Pp. 1094.
Banamana. M. S., Oldman, J. D. and Mowlem, A. (1990). The effect of amount of protein in the Concentrate on hay intake and rate of passages diet digestibility and milk production in British Saanen goat Journal of Animal Production, 51:333-342
BASGD. 2006. Bauchi State Government Diary Published by (BREPOL) www.brepols.com.
Bogoro, S. E. S (1997). Effect of protein-energy supplementation on Rumen Kinetic, metabolites profile and growth performance of ram fed fibre diets. PhD. Thesis Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria.
Bonsi, M. L. K, Tuah, A. K, Osuji, P. O., Nsahlai I. V. and Umunna, N. N. (1996). The effect of protein supplement source or supply pattern on the intake, digestibility, rumen kinetics, nitrogen utilization and growth of Ethiopian Menz sheep fed tef straw. Journal of Animal Feed Science and Technology, 64(1): 11-25.
Egbo, M. L., Doma, U. D. and Lacdaks, A. B. (2001). Rabbits Management in Bauchi metropolis. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Conference of Nigerian Society for Animal Production (NSAP), March 18-21, 2001, ABU Zaria, Nigeria, Pp: 160 – 162.
El‑Nomeary, Y. A. A., Abd El‑Rahman, H. H. H., Shoukry, M. M., Abedo, A. A., Salman, F. M. and Mohamed, M. I. (2021). Effect of different dietary protein sources on digestibility and growth performance parameters in lambs. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 45(40): 1-11
Fall, S., H. Guerin, C. Sall and Mbaye, N. D. (1987). Cereal straws in the feeding system of ruminant in Senegal. Pp 173-188. In: Said A.N. and Dzowela B.H (eds.), 1989. Overcoming constraints to efficient utilization of agrcultural by-Products as animal feed. Proceedings of the fourth animal workshop held on October 20-27, 1987 at the Institute Of Animal Research, Mankon Station, Bamenda, Cameron.
FAO, (1986). Food and Agriculture Organization. Production year book, Rome.
FAO, (2008). Food and Agriculture Organization Nigerian Statistics for live animals from 1998-2008. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy.
Galal, E. S. E., Afeworke, T. and Kassahun, A. (1979). A study on fattening Ethiopian Sheep: 2: Performance of Adal Lambs on supplemented grazing. Ethiopian .Journal Agricultural Science, 1(2):99-107.
Getahun, K. (2014). Effects of wheat straw urea treatment and Leucaena leucocephala foliage hay supplementation on intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and growth of lambs. International Journal of Livestock Production, 6 (4): 88-96
Habib G, Hassan M. F, Siddiqui M. M (1998). Degradation characteristics of straw from different wheat genotypes and their response to urea-ammoniation treatment. Animal Feed Science Technology, 72:373-386.
Hirut, Y., Solomon, M. and Mengistu, Urge. (2011). Effect of concentrate supplementation on live weight change and carcass characteristics of Hararghe Highland sheep fed a basal diet of urea treated maize stover. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 23(12). www.lrrd.org/lrrd23/hiru23245.htm
Jaiswal, R. S., Verma, M. M. L and Agrawal, I. S. (1988). Effect of various protein supplements added to ammonia (urea) treated rice straw diet on nutrient intake, digestibility and growth in cross-breed Heifers. Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition 5(3): 188 – 194.
Jokthan, G. E., Muhammad, S. A., and Osur, C. U. (2013). Effect of Cottonseed Cake Replacement with Broiler Litter on Performance of Yankasa Rams fed Maize Husk Basal Diet. FUT Journal of Research in Sciences. 1: 147 – 155.
Kjos, N. P., Sundstol, F. M. C. and Burney, M. I. (1987). The Nutritive Value, Weather Damage and Good Quality Straw of Barley, Wheat and Oat, Untreated and Treated with Ammonia or Sodium Hydroxide. Journal of Animal Physiology, Animal Nutrition,57: 1-15
Lufadeju, E. A., Blacket, G. A. and Ørskov, E. R. (1990). The effect of variety of spring barley straw and ammonia treatment on nutritive value. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 44: 97
Mulligan, F. J., Caftrey, P. J. Rath, M., Keny M. J. and Mare, F. P. O’. (2001). The effect of dietary protein Content and hay intake level on the true and apparent digestibility of Hay. Livestock Production Science, 68:41-52.
Ndubueze, A. I., Ukachukwu, S. N., Ahamefule, F. O. and Ibeawuchi, J. A. (2006). Milk yield and composition of grazing white Fulani cows fed poultry waste-cassava peel-based diets. Pakistan Journal Nutrition., 5:436 – 440.
Ngele, M. B, Adegbola, T. A, Bogoro, S. E. S, Kalla, D. J. U. Abubakar, M. And Chiroma, A. (2007). Nutritive value and phatogenic microbial flora of Rice Straw Treated with poultry litter JOLORN.8(2):6-11.
Ngele, M. B., Kalla, D. J. U., Abubakar, M., Dass, U. D. and Amba, A.A. (2009). Enhancingcrop residues for livestock feeding in the tropics. Journal of league of researchersin Nigeria,10(2):1-20.
Oji, U. I. Etim, H. E. and Okoye F. C. (2007). Effect of urea and aqueous treatment on the composition and nutritive value of maize residues. Small Ruminant Research. 69:232-236.
Okonkwo, A. C., Isaac, L. J., Solomon L. P. and Uyoh, G. D. (2008). Effects of dietary cassava leaf-meal on growth performance of weaner rabbit. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Nigerian Society of Animal Production, March 17 – 20, 2008, Ayetoro, Nigeria, Pp: 142 – 144.
Owen, E. and Jayasuriya, M. C. N. (1989). Use of crop residues as animal feeds in developing countries. Research and development in Agriculture 6: 129-138.
Prasad, R. D. D., Reddy, M. R. and Reddy, G. V. N., (1998). Effect of feeding baled and stacked urea treated rice straw on the performance of crossbred cows. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 73 (3-4): 347-352
Saadullah, M., Haque, M. and Dolberg, F. (1982). Effectiveness of Ammoniation Through Urea in Improving the Feeding Value of Rice Straw in Ruminant. Tropical Animal Production, 6: 30-36.
Sahoo, B. M. L., Sarawat, N., Haque and Khan, M. Y. (2002). Influenced of chemical treatment of wheat straw on carbon-nitrogen and energy balance in sheep. Small ruminant research, 44(3): 201 – 206.
Simachew G., (2009). Effects of Supplementation with Maize Bran, Noug seed cake (Guizoitia abyssinica) and their Mixtures on Feed Utilization and Carcass Characteristics of Washera Sheep Fed Hay. A MSc. Thesis Presented to School of graduate Studies Haramaya University, Ethiopia Pp.33-41.
Smith, T. C. chakanyaka, S. Sibanda and Manyuchi, B. (1989). Maize stover as feed for ruminant. Towards optimal feeding of Agricultural by product to livestock in Africa. Pp 218-231.
Tesfaye A., Chairatanayuth, P., Vijchulata, P. and Tudsri, S. (2006). Production and utilization of crop residues in three agro ecological zones of Eastern Shoa Zone, Ethiopia. Kasetsart Journal of Natural Science, 40: 643 – 651.
Ukpabi, U. H. and Abdu, L. S. (2009). Effect of mucuna seed meal on dry matter intake and haematology of lactating African Dwarf goats. Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of Nigerian Society of Animal Production, March 15 -18, 2009, Uyo, Nigeria, Pp: 562 – 564.
Umunna, N. N. and Iji, P. A. (1993). The natural feed resources for ruminant animals in Nigeria. In: Adamu A M, Mani R I, Osinowo O A, Adeoye K B and Ajileye E O (eds), Forage production and utilization in Nigeria. Proceedings of the Second NLPD Workshop on Forage Production and Utilization in Nigeria, Zaria, Nigeria, 11–14 February 1991. Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources, Kaduna, Nigeria pp. 16-31.
Van Soest, P. J., Mascarenhas- Ferreira, A. and Hartley, R. D. (1991). Chemical properties of fibre in relation to nutritive quality of ammonia treated forages. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 10:155
Williams, T. O., Fernandez-Rivera, S. and Kelley, T. G., (1997). The influence of socio-economic factors on the availability and utilization of crop residues as animal feeds. In: Renard, C. (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Workshop on Crop Residues in Sustainable Mixed Crop–Livestock Farming Systems, 22–26 April, 1996, Patancheru, India. CAB International, Wallingford, pp. 25 –39
Xu, Y., Li, Z., Moraes, L. E., Shen, J., Yu, Z. and Zhu, W. (2019). Effects of Incremental Urea Supplementation on Rumen Fermentation, Nutrient Digestion, Plasma Metabolites, and Growth Performance in Fattening Lambs. Animals 9(9)1-12; doi:10.3390/ani9090652
Yulistiani, D., Gallagher, J. R. and Van Barneveld, R. (2003). Intake and digestibility of untreated and urea treated rice straw base diet fed to sheep. Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science, 8(1): 8-16.
Yulistiani, D., Gallagher, J.R. and Van Barneveld, R. (2000). Nutritive value improvement of rice straw varieties for ruminants as determined by chemical composition and in vitro organic matter digestibility. Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science, 5:23-31
Abebe, H. (2008). Supplementation of graded levels of concentrate mixture on feed intake, digestibility, and body weight and carcass characteristics of Washera sheep fed urea treated rice straw. MSc. thesis presented to school of graduate studies of HaRamsaya University, Ethiopia, 64p.
Adeola, E. A., Garba, Y. and Baba, M. (2021). Growth performance and in vivo nutrients digestibility of growing Yankasa ram lambs fed diets containing graded levels of sesame residue. Journal of Animal Health and Production, 9(2): 107-111
Adu, I. F., Lufadeju, E. A., Lakfini, C. A. M and Alhassan, W. J. (1993). Effect of Treatment on the utilization of stover by Yankasa sheep. The Small Ruminant Research Network Newsletter No. 25.
Ahmed, A., Khan, M. J., Shahjalal and Islam K. M. S. (2002). Effects of feeding urea and soybean meal -treated rice straw on digestibility of feed nutrients and growth performance of Bull calves. Asian-Aust. Journal of Animal Science. 15(4):522-527.
Aime, J. N., Suchet, L. L., Sandra, S., Charles, L. O. and Arthur, S. (1999). Effect of urea treatment on digestibility and utilization of sorghum straws. Biotechnology, Agronomic, Society Environment. 3: 78 – 85.
Ajayi, H. I., Olomu, J. M. and Oyedeji, J. O (2008). Potentials of African pear (Dacryodes edulis) as a feedstuff for animals. Proceedings of the 13th Annual conference of Animal Science Association of Nigeria, September, 15 – 19, 2008, Zaria, Nigeria.
Akinmutimi, A. H. (2004). Evaluation of sword bean Canavalia gladiate as an alternative feed resource for broiler chickens. PhD Thesis, submitted to Department of Non-ruminant Animal Production Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria.
AOAC (1999). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemist. 14th Edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington D.C., U.S.A, Pp. 1094.
Banamana. M. S., Oldman, J. D. and Mowlem, A. (1990). The effect of amount of protein in the Concentrate on hay intake and rate of passages diet digestibility and milk production in British Saanen goat Journal of Animal Production, 51:333-342
BASGD. 2006. Bauchi State Government Diary Published by (BREPOL) www.brepols.com.
Bogoro, S. E. S (1997). Effect of protein-energy supplementation on Rumen Kinetic, metabolites profile and growth performance of ram fed fibre diets. PhD. Thesis Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria.
Bonsi, M. L. K, Tuah, A. K, Osuji, P. O., Nsahlai I. V. and Umunna, N. N. (1996). The effect of protein supplement source or supply pattern on the intake, digestibility, rumen kinetics, nitrogen utilization and growth of Ethiopian Menz sheep fed tef straw. Journal of Animal Feed Science and Technology, 64(1): 11-25.
Egbo, M. L., Doma, U. D. and Lacdaks, A. B. (2001). Rabbits Management in Bauchi metropolis. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Conference of Nigerian Society for Animal Production (NSAP), March 18-21, 2001, ABU Zaria, Nigeria, Pp: 160 – 162.
El‑Nomeary, Y. A. A., Abd El‑Rahman, H. H. H., Shoukry, M. M., Abedo, A. A., Salman, F. M. and Mohamed, M. I. (2021). Effect of different dietary protein sources on digestibility and growth performance parameters in lambs. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 45(40): 1-11
Fall, S., H. Guerin, C. Sall and Mbaye, N. D. (1987). Cereal straws in the feeding system of ruminant in Senegal. Pp 173-188. In: Said A.N. and Dzowela B.H (eds.), 1989. Overcoming constraints to efficient utilization of agrcultural by-Products as animal feed. Proceedings of the fourth animal workshop held on October 20-27, 1987 at the Institute Of Animal Research, Mankon Station, Bamenda, Cameron.
FAO, (1986). Food and Agriculture Organization. Production year book, Rome.
FAO, (2008). Food and Agriculture Organization Nigerian Statistics for live animals from 1998-2008. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy.
Galal, E. S. E., Afeworke, T. and Kassahun, A. (1979). A study on fattening Ethiopian Sheep: 2: Performance of Adal Lambs on supplemented grazing. Ethiopian .Journal Agricultural Science, 1(2):99-107.
Getahun, K. (2014). Effects of wheat straw urea treatment and Leucaena leucocephala foliage hay supplementation on intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and growth of lambs. International Journal of Livestock Production, 6 (4): 88-96
Habib G, Hassan M. F, Siddiqui M. M (1998). Degradation characteristics of straw from different wheat genotypes and their response to urea-ammoniation treatment. Animal Feed Science Technology, 72:373-386.
Hirut, Y., Solomon, M. and Mengistu, Urge. (2011). Effect of concentrate supplementation on live weight change and carcass characteristics of Hararghe Highland sheep fed a basal diet of urea treated maize stover. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 23(12). www.lrrd.org/lrrd23/hiru23245.htm
Jaiswal, R. S., Verma, M. M. L and Agrawal, I. S. (1988). Effect of various protein supplements added to ammonia (urea) treated rice straw diet on nutrient intake, digestibility and growth in cross-breed Heifers. Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition 5(3): 188 – 194.
Jokthan, G. E., Muhammad, S. A., and Osur, C. U. (2013). Effect of Cottonseed Cake Replacement with Broiler Litter on Performance of Yankasa Rams fed Maize Husk Basal Diet. FUT Journal of Research in Sciences. 1: 147 – 155.
Kjos, N. P., Sundstol, F. M. C. and Burney, M. I. (1987). The Nutritive Value, Weather Damage and Good Quality Straw of Barley, Wheat and Oat, Untreated and Treated with Ammonia or Sodium Hydroxide. Journal of Animal Physiology, Animal Nutrition,57: 1-15
Lufadeju, E. A., Blacket, G. A. and Ørskov, E. R. (1990). The effect of variety of spring barley straw and ammonia treatment on nutritive value. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 44: 97
Mulligan, F. J., Caftrey, P. J. Rath, M., Keny M. J. and Mare, F. P. O’. (2001). The effect of dietary protein Content and hay intake level on the true and apparent digestibility of Hay. Livestock Production Science, 68:41-52.
Ndubueze, A. I., Ukachukwu, S. N., Ahamefule, F. O. and Ibeawuchi, J. A. (2006). Milk yield and composition of grazing white Fulani cows fed poultry waste-cassava peel-based diets. Pakistan Journal Nutrition., 5:436 – 440.
Ngele, M. B, Adegbola, T. A, Bogoro, S. E. S, Kalla, D. J. U. Abubakar, M. And Chiroma, A. (2007). Nutritive value and phatogenic microbial flora of Rice Straw Treated with poultry litter JOLORN.8(2):6-11.
Ngele, M. B., Kalla, D. J. U., Abubakar, M., Dass, U. D. and Amba, A.A. (2009). Enhancingcrop residues for livestock feeding in the tropics. Journal of league of researchersin Nigeria,10(2):1-20.
Oji, U. I. Etim, H. E. and Okoye F. C. (2007). Effect of urea and aqueous treatment on the composition and nutritive value of maize residues. Small Ruminant Research. 69:232-236.
Okonkwo, A. C., Isaac, L. J., Solomon L. P. and Uyoh, G. D. (2008). Effects of dietary cassava leaf-meal on growth performance of weaner rabbit. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Nigerian Society of Animal Production, March 17 – 20, 2008, Ayetoro, Nigeria, Pp: 142 – 144.
Owen, E. and Jayasuriya, M. C. N. (1989). Use of crop residues as animal feeds in developing countries. Research and development in Agriculture 6: 129-138.
Prasad, R. D. D., Reddy, M. R. and Reddy, G. V. N., (1998). Effect of feeding baled and stacked urea treated rice straw on the performance of crossbred cows. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 73 (3-4): 347-352
Saadullah, M., Haque, M. and Dolberg, F. (1982). Effectiveness of Ammoniation Through Urea in Improving the Feeding Value of Rice Straw in Ruminant. Tropical Animal Production, 6: 30-36.
Sahoo, B. M. L., Sarawat, N., Haque and Khan, M. Y. (2002). Influenced of chemical treatment of wheat straw on carbon-nitrogen and energy balance in sheep. Small ruminant research, 44(3): 201 – 206.
Simachew G., (2009). Effects of Supplementation with Maize Bran, Noug seed cake (Guizoitia abyssinica) and their Mixtures on Feed Utilization and Carcass Characteristics of Washera Sheep Fed Hay. A MSc. Thesis Presented to School of graduate Studies Haramaya University, Ethiopia Pp.33-41.
Smith, T. C. chakanyaka, S. Sibanda and Manyuchi, B. (1989). Maize stover as feed for ruminant. Towards optimal feeding of Agricultural by product to livestock in Africa. Pp 218-231.
Tesfaye A., Chairatanayuth, P., Vijchulata, P. and Tudsri, S. (2006). Production and utilization of crop residues in three agro ecological zones of Eastern Shoa Zone, Ethiopia. Kasetsart Journal of Natural Science, 40: 643 – 651.
Ukpabi, U. H. and Abdu, L. S. (2009). Effect of mucuna seed meal on dry matter intake and haematology of lactating African Dwarf goats. Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of Nigerian Society of Animal Production, March 15 -18, 2009, Uyo, Nigeria, Pp: 562 – 564.
Umunna, N. N. and Iji, P. A. (1993). The natural feed resources for ruminant animals in Nigeria. In: Adamu A M, Mani R I, Osinowo O A, Adeoye K B and Ajileye E O (eds), Forage production and utilization in Nigeria. Proceedings of the Second NLPD Workshop on Forage Production and Utilization in Nigeria, Zaria, Nigeria, 11–14 February 1991. Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources, Kaduna, Nigeria pp. 16-31.
Van Soest, P. J., Mascarenhas- Ferreira, A. and Hartley, R. D. (1991). Chemical properties of fibre in relation to nutritive quality of ammonia treated forages. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 10:155
Williams, T. O., Fernandez-Rivera, S. and Kelley, T. G., (1997). The influence of socio-economic factors on the availability and utilization of crop residues as animal feeds. In: Renard, C. (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Workshop on Crop Residues in Sustainable Mixed Crop–Livestock Farming Systems, 22–26 April, 1996, Patancheru, India. CAB International, Wallingford, pp. 25 –39
Xu, Y., Li, Z., Moraes, L. E., Shen, J., Yu, Z. and Zhu, W. (2019). Effects of Incremental Urea Supplementation on Rumen Fermentation, Nutrient Digestion, Plasma Metabolites, and Growth Performance in Fattening Lambs. Animals 9(9)1-12; doi:10.3390/ani9090652
Yulistiani, D., Gallagher, J. R. and Van Barneveld, R. (2003). Intake and digestibility of untreated and urea treated rice straw base diet fed to sheep. Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science, 8(1): 8-16.
Yulistiani, D., Gallagher, J.R. and Van Barneveld, R. (2000). Nutritive value improvement of rice straw varieties for ruminants as determined by chemical composition and in vitro organic matter digestibility. Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science, 5:23-31
Published
2025-02-05
How to Cite
Mijinyawa, A., Abubakar, M., Yerima, J., Sani, Y. M., Musa, R. B., Girgiri, A. Y., Abdullahi, M., Jaafar, A. M., Yusuf, A., & Yusuf, H. B. (2025). Nutrient Intake, Digestibility and Growth Performance of Growing Yankasa Rams fed Urea Treated and Untreated Sorghum Stover with Supplementation. Nigerian Journal of Animal Science and Technology (NJAST), 7(4), 30 - 39. Retrieved from https://njast.com.ng/index.php/home/article/view/375
Section
Articles
