Effect of Phytase Supplementation on Dried Cabbage Residue-Based Diets on Gut Morphology, Blood Profile and Microbial Activity in Ross 308 Broiler Chickens
Keywords:
Phytase, Supplementation, Gut Morphology, Haematology, Cabbage, Residue
Abstract
Given the increasing disposal of cabbage waste and its potential as animal feed, this study was designed to examine the effect of phytase supplementation in dried cabbage residue (DCR)-based diets on the gut morphology, hematology, serum biochemistry, and microbial activity of Ross 308 broiler chickens. A total of 144 day-old broiler chicks were assigned to six experimental diets with varying DCR inclusion levels (100, 200, 300 g/kg), with or without phytase supplementation (1000 FTU/kg). After eight days, the chickens were assessed for gut morphology, blood biochemistry, hematological parameters, and microbial populations in the ileum and cecum. Orthogonal polynomial contrast was used to determine the effects of phytase and its interaction with DCR. Results showed that phytase supplementation and DCR levels had no significant impact (P > 0.05) on ileal and cecal microbial counts, hematological parameters, serum biochemical indices, cholesterol levels and intestinal morphology. These findings suggest that up to 300 g/kg of phytase-supplemented dried cabbage residue can be safely included in broiler diets without impacting the health or microbial composition of Ross 308 broiler chickens.
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References
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https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9121264
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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79876-5_5
Adebo, J. A., Njobeh, P. B., Gbashi, S., Oyedeji, A. B., Ogundele, O. M., Oyeyinka, S. A and Adebo, O. A. (2022). Fermentation of cereals and legumes: Impact on nutritional constituents and nutrient bioavailability. Fermentation, 8(2): 63. DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8020063
AOAC. (2010). Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (18th ed.). AOAC International.
Ashokkumar, V., Flora, G., Venkatkarthick, R., SenthilKannan, K., Kuppam, C., Mary Stephy, G., Kamyab, H., Chen, W. H., Thomas, J., and Ngamcharussrivichai, C. (2022). Advanced technologies on the sustainable approaches for conversion of organic waste to valuable bioproducts: Emerging circular bioeconomy perspective. Fuel, 324: 124313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.124313
Ayeni, A. O., Adegbenro, M., Obadare, I. G., Oladayo, T. O., and Agbede, J. O. (2022). Haemato-biochemical indices, antioxidant, and gut health status of broiler chickens fed composite leaf mix. Animal Research International, 19(1):4390-4402.
Biswas, D. and Purohit, S. R. (2024). Nutritional profile, antinutritional factors, and digestibility of proteins in non-conventional leaf protein sources. ACS Food Science and Technology, 4(5): 1017–1029. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsfoodscitech.3c00676
Cheng, X., Tahir, M. H., Wang, C., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. and Zhang, Y. (2022). Full recycling of high-value resources from cabbage waste by multi-stage treatment technology. Science of the Total Environment, 804: 149951.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149951
Corrêa, T. L. R., and de Araújo, E. F. (2020). Fungal phytases: From genes to applications. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 51(3):1009–1020.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-020-00289-y
Drozdowska, M., Leszczyńska, T., Koronowicz, A., Piasna-Słupecka, E., Domagała, D., and Kusznierewicz, B. (2020). Young shoots of red cabbage are a better source of selected nutrients and glucosinolates in comparison to the vegetable at full maturity. European Food Research and Technology, 246(12):2505–2515. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-020-03593-x
Etim, N. N., Williams, M. E., Akpabio, U. and Offiong, E. E. (2014). Haematological parameters and factors affecting their values. Agricultural Science, 2(1):37–47. https://doi.org/10.12735/as.v2i1p37
Ganesh, K. S., Sridhar, A., and Vishali, S. (2022). Utilization of fruit and vegetable waste to produce value added products: Conventional utilization and emerging opportunities — A review. Chemosphere, 287(3):132221.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132221
Ilaboya, I. I., Imouokhome, J. I., Omastuli, M. O., Imonikhe, S. E., and Ogwum, J. (2021). Growth performance and digestibility of weaner pigs fed diets substituted with fresh cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) waste. Journal of Animal Production Research, 33(2):33–41. ISSN: 0189 0514.
Kumar, A., Dash, G. K., Sahoo, S. K., Lal, M. K., Sahoo, U., Sah, R. P., and Lenka, S. K. (2023). Phytic acid: A reservoir of phosphorus in seeds plays a dynamic role in plant and animal metabolism. Phytochemistry Reviews, 22(5):1281–1304.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-023-09868-x
Laufenberg, G., Kunz, B., and Nystroem, M. (2003). Transformation of vegetable waste into value-added products: (A) The upgrading concept; (B) Practical implementations. Bioresource Technology, 87(2):167–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(02)00167-0
Mabelebele, M., Alabi, O. J., Ng'ambi, J. W., Norris, D., and Ginindza, M. M. (2014). Comparison of gastrointestinal tracts and pH values of digestive organs of Ross 308 broiler and indigenous Venda chickens fed the same diet. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 9:71–76. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajava.2014.71.76
Moreb, N., Murphy, A., Jaiswal, S. and Jaiswal, A. K. (2020). Cabbage. In Nutritional composition and antioxidant properties of fruits and vegetables (pp. 33–54). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-812780-3.00003-9
Rahmani, H. R., Speer, W. and Modirsanei, M. (2005). The effect of intestinal pH on broiler performance and immunity. International Journal of Poultry Science, 4:713–717. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2005.713.717
Rizwanuddin, S., Kumar, V., Naik, B., Singh, P., Mishra, S., Rustagi, S. and Kumar, V. (2023). Microbial phytase: Their sources, production, and role in the enhancement of nutritional aspects of food and feed additives. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 12: 100559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100559
Rodrigues, I., and Choct, M. (2018). The foregut and its manipulation via feeding practices in the chicken. Poultry Science, 97(9):3188–3288. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey191
Song, C., Ye, X., Liu, G., Zhang, S., Li, G., Zhang, H., and Zhang, S. (2023). Comprehensive evaluation of nutritional qualities of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) varieties based on multivariate statistical analysis. Horticulturae, 9(12): 1264.
https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9121264
Woyengo, T. A., and Nyachoti, C. M. (2013). Anti-nutritional effects of phytic acid in diets for pigs and poultry–current knowledge and directions for future research. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 93(1): 9-21. https://doi.org/10.4141/CJAS2012-017
Zhang, Q., Walk, C., Sorbara, J. O. B., Cowieson, A. J., and Stamatopoulos, K. (2022). Comparative effects of two phytases on growth performance, bone mineralization, nutrient digestibility and phytate-P hydrolysis of broilers. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 31(2): 100247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2022.100247
Zhao, T., Yong, X., Zhao, Z., Dolce, V., Li, Y., and Curcio, R. (2021). Research status of Bacillus phytase. Biotech, 11(9): 415. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-021-02964-9
Published
2026-01-02
How to Cite
Olaleye, C., Bamigboye, D.O., Okuna, R., Ilaboya, I.I., Imouokhome, J.I., & Iyayi, E. A. (2026). Effect of Phytase Supplementation on Dried Cabbage Residue-Based Diets on Gut Morphology, Blood Profile and Microbial Activity in Ross 308 Broiler Chickens. Nigerian Journal of Animal Science and Technology (NJAST), 8(4), 37 - 44. Retrieved from https://njast.com.ng/index.php/home/article/view/493
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