Dry Matter Intake and Biochemical Indices of Growing WAD Goats Fed Enzyme Treated and Pelletized Unconventional Feed Resources
Keywords:
Blood chemistry, corn cob, cattle hoof meal, Gliricidia sepium, dry matter intake, WAD goat
Abstract
The study evaluated dry matter intake and blood chemistry of growing WAD goats fed pelletized unconventional feed resource. Fifteen (15) growing WAD goats were used in a completely randomized design comprising of three goats per replicate. The dietary treatments were T0 (diet formulated without cattle hoof meal) as the control; T1 (1% CHM treated with 0.01% enzyme), T2 (2% CHM treated with 0.01% enzyme), T3 (3% CHM treated with 0.01% enzyme), T4 (4% CHM treated with 0.01% enzyme). The results showed that animals on T1 had significantly higher weight gain compared to T2, T3, T4 and T0. Similar trend was observed for dry matter intake, CP, CF, EE, NFE and ADF. The values for serum chemistry revealed significant (P<0.05) variation in the glucose profile with animals on diet T1 having the higher value compared to other treatments, however, total protein was found to be highest in T3. It is concluded that corn cob treated with polyenzyme and 1-2% CHM treated with 0.01% enzyme (valkarase) formulated with other feedstuffs have better utilization by small ruminant.
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References
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Khan, M. A., Sarwar, M., Nisa, M and Khan, M. S. (2004). Influence of enzose on feeding value of urea treated corn cob in lactating crossbred cows. Asan-Australian Journal of Animal Science. 7:70
Kohn, R. A. and Allen, M. S. (1995). Enrichment of proteolytic activity to Nitrogen in preparation from the rumen for in vitro studies. Journal of Animal Feed Science and Technology, 62; 1-14
Olamilusi, O. D., Olotu, J. D. and Eniolorunda, O. O. (2019). Dry matter acceptability and digestibility of nutrient by West African dwarf Rams fed polyenzyme treated cassava peel and corn cob based diets. Nig. J. Anim. Prod., 46(2):202 – 208.
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Onakomaiya, S. O., Oyesiku, K. A. and Jegede, S. J. (1992). Ogun State in Maps. First ed. Rex. Charles publication, Ibadan
Peter, I., Biamonte, G.R and Doumas, B.T. (1982). Protein (total protein) in serum, urine and cerebrospinal fluid; albumin in serum. In: selected methods of clinical chemistry, Vol. 9.
Reinhold, J.G. (1953). Manual determination of total serum protein, albumin and globulin fractions by Biuret method In: standard methods of clinical chemistry, Academic Press, New York
Reitman, S. and S. Frankel (1957). A calorimetric method for determination of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase serum glutamic pyruvic tansaminase. Am. J. Clin. Pth., 28:56- 63
SAS, Statistical Analysis Institute, (2002). Users Guide. Statistical Analysis Institute, Inc, Carry North Caroline, USA.
Silverstein, R. A., Chen, Y., Sharma, R. R., Boyette, M. D., Osborne, J. (2007). A comparison of chemical pretreatment methods for improving saccharification of cotton stalks. Bioresour. Technol., 98:3000–3011.
Tambuwal F. M, Agale, B. M. and Bangana, A. (2002) Haematological and biochemical values of apparently healthy Red Sokoto goats. Proceedings of 27th Annual conference Nigerian Society of Animal Production (NSAP) March 17–21, 2002 FUTA, Akure.
Toro, G and Ackermann, P. G (1975). Practical Clinical Chemistry. Little, Brown and Company, Boston
Van Soest, J. P., J.B. Robertson and B.A. Lewis (1991). Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci., 74: 3583-3597
Wilkinson, J. H. and Winstein, S. (1969). Clinical Chemistry, 15(487): 1-9. www.goatlink.com/content/view/204/ 194/, (2009).
AOAC (2005). Official Methods of Analysis. (18th edition) Association Official Agric. Chemist. Washington DC
Aye, P.A. (2007). Production of multinutrient blocks for ruminants and alcohol from the waste products of Leucaena leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium leaves using local technologies. PhD. Thesis. Federal University of Technology Akure.
Bauer T. D., Ackermann, P. G., Toro, G. (1974). Methods in clinical chemistry. Clinical laboratory methods. The CV mosley company, Saint Louis; 946pp.
Belewu, M. A. and Fagbemi, O. O. (2007). Performance characteristics of West African Dwarf goat fed Aspergillus treated cassava (Manihot esculutus) waste based diets. Journal of Agriculture Environment Science. 2(3):268-270.
Bell, R. D., Sinclair, R. J., and Keyl, M. J. 2005. Proceedings of the Society of Experimental and Biological Medicine. pg. 109-139. Carola, R., Harley, J. P. and Noback, C. R. (1990). Human anatomy and physiology. McGraw-Hill Inc. USA. 925 p.
Bergmeyer, H. U. 1980. IFCC methods for the measurement of catalytic concentrations of enzymes. Part 3. IFCC method for alanine aminotransferase (L-alanine: 2- oxoglutarate aminotransferase). Clinical Chemistry Acta, 105: 147- 157.
Chineke, C. M., Fajemisin, A. N., Adedeji, A. E., Fajemisin, A. J. and Olaiya, O. (2013). Effect of processing on the nutritive value of corn cob fed to West African Dwarf rams, Proc. 38th Annual Conference of Nigerian Society for Animal production 17th- 20th March, 2013, RUST, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, pp 201-204
Daramola, J. O., Adeloye, A. A., Fatoba, T. A. and Soladoye, A. O. (2005). Haematological and Biochemical Parameters of West African Dwarf Goats. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 17
Eniolorunda, O. O. and Rowaiye, G. A. (2008). Effect of solubilization on corn husk supplementation with cassava leaf or Leucaena leaf meal based diet on feed intake and digestion in Yankassa sheep. Res. Jour. of Ani. Sci.2(6):164-169.
Eniolorunda, O. O., Olamilusi, O. D. and Jamiu, A.O (2018). Haematological parameters and blood chemistry of West African dwarf goat tethered at three different radii. Macedonian Journal of Animal Science 8(2):69–76.
Eyob H. W. (2017). Determining production and nutritive value of crop residues and agro industrial by-products and improving their utilization inruminant. A Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Animal Nutrition in the Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology.
Fafiolu, A. O., Jegede, A. V., Teniola, A. A., Olarotimi, I. D., Odukoya, S. O., Alabi, J. O. and Oduguwa, O. O. (2015). Performance, carcass characteristic and apparent nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens fed Palm-kernel extraction by-products. Nigerian Society for Animal Production. 42. 1:110-117
Fajemisin, A. N., Omotoso, O. B., Fadiyimu, A. A. and Shuaibu, Y. A. (2012). Nutrient intake and utilization by West African Dwarf goats fed cassava peels substituted with Cajanus cajan hay. Proceedings of 17thAnnual Conference of Animal Science Association of Nigeria held at International Conference Centre, Abuja, Nigeria. Sept. 9-13,.636-639
Fajemisin, A. N., Chineke, C. M., Fadiyimu, A. A. and Fajemisin, A. J (2015). Response of West African dwarf sheep to differently processed corn cob meal based diets. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production, 24 (1):162-170
Fasae, O. A. and Alokan, J. A. (2006). Growth performance of weaner Yankasa sheep fed varying levels of Leucaena leucocephala leaf residues. Assets Series A.6(2): 323-328.
Fialho, E.T., Barbosa, H.P and Albino, L.R.T (1995). Chemical composition Digestible Protein and Energy values of some alternative feed stuffs for pigs in Brazil.
Ibhaze, G. A., Babayemi, O. J. and Olorunnisomo, O. A. (2014). Acceptability and digestibility of ensiled mixtures of corncobs, cassava peels and brewers' grain by West African Dwarf goat. Nigerian society for Animal Production. 41(2): 139- 145.
Ikhimioya, I., and Imasuen, J. A. (2007). Blood profile of West African dwarf goats fed Panicum maximum supplemented with Afzelia africana and Newbouldia laevis. Pak. J. Nut., 6(1):79–84.
Kamal Shah M., A. Khan, F. Rizvi, M. Siddique and Sadeeq-ur-rehman. (2007). Effect of cypermethrin on clinico-Haematological parameters in Rabbits. Pakistan vet J. 27(4):171-175.
Kaneko, J. (1997). Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. 5th edition, Academic Press, New York, pp 932.
Khan, M. A., Sarwar, M., Nisa, M and Khan, M. S. (2004). Influence of enzose on feeding value of urea treated corn cob in lactating crossbred cows. Asan-Australian Journal of Animal Science. 7:70
Kohn, R. A. and Allen, M. S. (1995). Enrichment of proteolytic activity to Nitrogen in preparation from the rumen for in vitro studies. Journal of Animal Feed Science and Technology, 62; 1-14
Olamilusi, O. D., Olotu, J. D. and Eniolorunda, O. O. (2019). Dry matter acceptability and digestibility of nutrient by West African dwarf Rams fed polyenzyme treated cassava peel and corn cob based diets. Nig. J. Anim. Prod., 46(2):202 – 208.
Olorunnisomo, O.A and Dada, O.A. (2011). Digestibility and intake of elephant grass ensiled with cassava peels by red sokoto goats in Ibadan. Proc. 36th Conf., Nig. Soc. For Anim.Prod.13-16 March, 2001, Univ. of Abuja, Nig. 584-586.
Onakomaiya, S. O., Oyesiku, K. A. and Jegede, S. J. (1992). Ogun State in Maps. First ed. Rex. Charles publication, Ibadan
Peter, I., Biamonte, G.R and Doumas, B.T. (1982). Protein (total protein) in serum, urine and cerebrospinal fluid; albumin in serum. In: selected methods of clinical chemistry, Vol. 9.
Reinhold, J.G. (1953). Manual determination of total serum protein, albumin and globulin fractions by Biuret method In: standard methods of clinical chemistry, Academic Press, New York
Reitman, S. and S. Frankel (1957). A calorimetric method for determination of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase serum glutamic pyruvic tansaminase. Am. J. Clin. Pth., 28:56- 63
SAS, Statistical Analysis Institute, (2002). Users Guide. Statistical Analysis Institute, Inc, Carry North Caroline, USA.
Silverstein, R. A., Chen, Y., Sharma, R. R., Boyette, M. D., Osborne, J. (2007). A comparison of chemical pretreatment methods for improving saccharification of cotton stalks. Bioresour. Technol., 98:3000–3011.
Tambuwal F. M, Agale, B. M. and Bangana, A. (2002) Haematological and biochemical values of apparently healthy Red Sokoto goats. Proceedings of 27th Annual conference Nigerian Society of Animal Production (NSAP) March 17–21, 2002 FUTA, Akure.
Toro, G and Ackermann, P. G (1975). Practical Clinical Chemistry. Little, Brown and Company, Boston
Van Soest, J. P., J.B. Robertson and B.A. Lewis (1991). Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci., 74: 3583-3597
Wilkinson, J. H. and Winstein, S. (1969). Clinical Chemistry, 15(487): 1-9. www.goatlink.com/content/view/204/ 194/, (2009).
Published
2024-12-30
How to Cite
Olamilusi, O. D., & Oboite, E. E. (2024). Dry Matter Intake and Biochemical Indices of Growing WAD Goats Fed Enzyme Treated and Pelletized Unconventional Feed Resources. Nigerian Journal of Animal Science and Technology (NJAST), 7(3), 18 - 26. Retrieved from http://njast.com.ng/index.php/home/article/view/353
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