Effect of Ficus sur (Cape fig) Stem Bark Extract on Fertility of Yankasa Sheep
Keywords:
Ficus sur, Stem bark extract, Fertility, Yankasa sheep, Phytochemistry
Abstract
The study was conducted to determine the effect of Ficus sur stem bark extract on the fertility of Yankasa sheep. A total of twenty (20) ewes aged 12-19 months old and 5 rams were used in the study. The ewes were randomly allotted to 5 treatments and replicated 4 times. One ram was assigned to each treatment group in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). All groups were administered the extract orally, except treatment one which served as control. The doses were 5, 10, 15, and 20% for treatments 2, 3, 4, and 5 respectively. The phytochemistry revealed the presence of Alkaloids (2.63), Flavonoids (13.57), Resins (1.03), Saponins (1.08), Glycosides (0.74), Tannins (5.52), Steroids (9.11), Terpenoids (12.03) and Phenols (6.70%). Of the 16 does, three (3) exhibited heat within 24-48 hours, 8 in 48-72 hours, 4 between 72-96 hours, and 1 expressed heat within 96 -120 hours after Ficus sur stem back extract administration. The oestrus response and conception rates were 0, 100, 100, 100 and 100% and 0, 100, 100, 100 and 75% for treatments 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. A positive and significant correlation was found between heat and concentration (P<0.01), dose and concentration (P< 0.01), and dose and heat (P<0.01). It could therefore be concluded that synchronizing activity exhibited by Ficus sur stem bark extract may be due to the presence of steroid properties which play a role in animal cyclicity as revealed by the phytochemical analysis. Furthermore, the ewes that received lower concentrations (dose) expressed oestrus signs faster than those that received higher concentrations. It could therefore be recommended that 5% concentration of methanol extract of Ficus sur stem bark is good for fertility improvement and oestrus synchronization in sheep.
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References
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Adebayo, M. A., Enitan, S. S., Owonikoko W. M., Igogo, E. and Ajeigbe, K. O. (2017). Haematinic properties of methanolic stem bark and fruit extracts of Ficus sur in rats preexposed to phenyl hydrazine-induced haemolyticanaemia. African Journal Biomed Resource 20: 85–92.
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Nsoso K.J., Aganga A.A., Moganetsi B.P. and TshwenyaneS.O. (2003). Body weight, body condition score and heart girth in indigenous Tswana goats during the dry and wet seasons in southeast Botswana. Livestock Research for Rural Development. 15(4): 27-34
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Okwu, D. E. (2004). Phytochemicals and vitamin content of indigenous species of South-Eastern Nigerian. Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Environment. 6(1): 30– 37.
Petrović M.P., Ružić-Muslić D., Žujović M., and Mekić C. (2007): Genetic improvement of fertility in sheep by selection according to physiological parameters. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 23: 311 – 321.
Scaramuzzi, R.J. and Martin G.B. (1986). Pharmacological agents for manipulating oestrus and ovulation in the ewe. In: Lindsay D.R., Pearce D.T. (ed.): Reproduction in Sheep. Cambridge University Press, New York. 316–325.
Solomon-Wisdom, G.O, Shittu, G.A. and Agboola, Y.A (2011). Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Screening Activities of Ficussur(Forssk), New York Science Journal 4(1)15-18.
Trease, G. E. and Evans, W. C. (2000). Pharmacognosy. 15th edition. Saunders publishers, London. Pp: 42-393.
Tumen, H.; Gokcen, H.; Dogan, I (1992). Field trials on oestrus synchronization and artificial insemination in sheep I. The effect of cronolone containing vaginal sponges or prostaglandin F2α on synchronization and fertility. U. U. Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. 3: 113-119.
Zemba, A.A, Tukur A.L and Ezra A. (2020).Basic Geographic Information on Local Government Area in Adebayo A.A., Tukur A.L and Zemba A.A (Eds) Adamawa State in Maps (Second Edition).Geography Department in Cooperation with Paraclate Publishers Yola. Pp: 3-17.
Zhao, Y., Zhang, J., Wei, H., Sun, X., Mu, B. (2010). Efficiency of methods applied for goat oestrus synchronization in subtropical monsoonal climate zone of Southwest China. Tropical Animal Health Production. 42:1257-1262.
Adebayo, M. A., Enitan, S. S., Owonikoko W. M., Igogo, E. and Ajeigbe, K. O. (2017). Haematinic properties of methanolic stem bark and fruit extracts of Ficus sur in rats preexposed to phenyl hydrazine-induced haemolyticanaemia. African Journal Biomed Resource 20: 85–92.
Ahmad, A.S., Dahiru, A., Muhammad, A.T., Idris, H and Gautam, K. (2016). Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Ficus sycomorus Extracts of the Stem, Bark and leaves on Some Pathogenic Microorganisms, American Chemical Science Journal, 13(3): 3.
Akoz, M., Bulbul, B., Ataman, M.B. and, Dere, S. (2006). Induction of multiple births in Akkaraman cross-bred sheep synchronized with short duration and different doses of progesterone treatment combined with PMSG outside the breeding season. Bulletin of Veterinary Institude, Pulawy, 50:97-100.
Barannikova, I. A., Bayunova, L. V and Saenko, I. I. (1997) Dynamics of sex steroid hormones in the sturgeon Acipenser gueldenstaedtiin different gonadal states at the onset of anadromous migration into the Volga, Voprosy Ikhtioloii, 37: 400-406.
Bobbo, A. G and Dauda, A. G. (2021). Effect of Ficus sur Leaves Extract on the Fertility of Red Sokoto Goats. Unpublished MSc. Thesis. Department of Animal Science and Range Management, Modibbo Adama University, Yola, Adamawa State Nigeria
Bobbo, A.G and Gladys, Z.D. (2019) Comparative Assessment of Reproduction Performance in Adamawa Gudali using methanolic leave extract of Ficus sur (Cape Fig) and PGF2α as Synchronizing agents. Unpublished MSc. Thesis. Department of Animal Science, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola
Bobbo and Kazaure (2022). Assessment of Reproductive Performance of Kano Brown Goats Using Ethanolic Extract of Crossopteryx febrifuga stembark as synchronizing agent. Taraba Journal of Agricultural Research (TAJAR) Pp 71-78
Enitan, S.S., Olley, M., Uhunmwangho, S.E., Akele, Y.R., Ehiaghe, F.A and Enitan, B.C. (2014). Antibacterial Activity of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Plukenetiaconophora Mull, arg. Against Selected Bacteria Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection, International Journal of Microbiology and Application 1(1): 1-10.
FMARD. (2017). Animal population data, Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
Francisco G., Vediz-Deras, Cesar A., Meza-Herera, M., Viridiana-Contreras, V., Letician, R., Gaytan A., and Juan M. G. (2020). The effect of P4+eCG Oestrus Induction protocol during the depart the Transition Anoestrus period on the reproductive performance of crossbred dairy goats. Biology;
Getahun, L. (2008). Productive and Economic performance of Small Ruminant production in production system of the Highlands of Ethiopia: Ph.D. dissertation. University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart-Hoheinheisn, Germany.
Hashemi, M., Safdarian, M. and Kafi, M. (2006). Oestrus response to synchronization of oestrus using different progesterone treatments outside the natural breeding season in ewes. Small Ruminant Research. 65: 279-283.
Holtz, W., Sohnrey, R, Gerland, B. and Driancourt, M.A. (2008). Ovy-synchronization and fixed time-insemination in goats. Theriogenology. 69:785-792.
Huseyin, T. and Yildiz, H. (2005). Synchronization of oestrus in Hamdani ewes: The use of different PMSG doses. Bulletin of Veterinary Institude, Pulawy, 49, 311-314.
Igoli J. O., Ogai O. G., Tor-Aryiin A. and Igoli N.P. (2005). Traditional medicinal practices amongst the Ligebe people of Nigeria. Part 11 African Journal of Traditional Complementary Alternative Medicine. 2(2):134-152.
Johnson, 1.D., J. F. Hecker, and M. Wodzicka- Tomaszewska. (1974). Effect of exogenous pro- gesterone injected within the first 5 days after mating on conception in ewes. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, 36:485.
Kebede A., Zeleke G., Ferede Y., Abate T. and Tegegne A. (2013). Prostaglandin (PGF2α) based oestrus synchronization in postpartum local cows and heifers in Bahir Dar Milkshed. International Journal of Pharma Medicine and Biological Sciences. 2: 37
Kouamo J. Oum I.E. and Zoli A. (2020). P Relationship of age, season, body condition score to testicular size, testosterone concentration and body weight of Djallonke goats in Ngaoundere (Canmeroon), International Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine. 8(1): 4 - 9
Lemaster J.W., Yelich J.V., Keupfer J.R., Fullenwider J.K., Barnett C.L., Fanning M.D. and Seph J.F. (2001). Effectiveness of GnRH plus prostaglandin F2α for oestrus synchronisation in cattle of Bosindicus breeding. Journal of Animal Science.39: 309-
Lemon, M., Pelletier, J., Saumande, J and Signoret, J. (1975). Peripheral plasma concentrations of progesterone, estradiob17~3 and luteinizing hormone around oestrus in the cow. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 42:137
Nsoso K.J., Aganga A.A., Moganetsi B.P. and TshwenyaneS.O. (2003). Body weight, body condition score and heart girth in indigenous Tswana goats during the dry and wet seasons in southeast Botswana. Livestock Research for Rural Development. 15(4): 27-34
Nur, Z., Nak, Y., Nak, D., Üstüner, B., Tuna, B., Şimşek, G., and H. Sağırkaya (2013).The use of progesterone-supplemented Co-synch and Ovsynch for oestrus synchronization and fixed time insemination in nulliparous Saanen goat. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Animal Science. 37: 183-188.
Okwu, D. E. (2004). Phytochemicals and vitamin content of indigenous species of South-Eastern Nigerian. Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Environment. 6(1): 30– 37.
Petrović M.P., Ružić-Muslić D., Žujović M., and Mekić C. (2007): Genetic improvement of fertility in sheep by selection according to physiological parameters. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 23: 311 – 321.
Scaramuzzi, R.J. and Martin G.B. (1986). Pharmacological agents for manipulating oestrus and ovulation in the ewe. In: Lindsay D.R., Pearce D.T. (ed.): Reproduction in Sheep. Cambridge University Press, New York. 316–325.
Solomon-Wisdom, G.O, Shittu, G.A. and Agboola, Y.A (2011). Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Screening Activities of Ficussur(Forssk), New York Science Journal 4(1)15-18.
Trease, G. E. and Evans, W. C. (2000). Pharmacognosy. 15th edition. Saunders publishers, London. Pp: 42-393.
Tumen, H.; Gokcen, H.; Dogan, I (1992). Field trials on oestrus synchronization and artificial insemination in sheep I. The effect of cronolone containing vaginal sponges or prostaglandin F2α on synchronization and fertility. U. U. Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. 3: 113-119.
Zemba, A.A, Tukur A.L and Ezra A. (2020).Basic Geographic Information on Local Government Area in Adebayo A.A., Tukur A.L and Zemba A.A (Eds) Adamawa State in Maps (Second Edition).Geography Department in Cooperation with Paraclate Publishers Yola. Pp: 3-17.
Zhao, Y., Zhang, J., Wei, H., Sun, X., Mu, B. (2010). Efficiency of methods applied for goat oestrus synchronization in subtropical monsoonal climate zone of Southwest China. Tropical Animal Health Production. 42:1257-1262.
Published
2023-08-10
How to Cite
Bobbo, A. G., Jonathan, S., & Bah, S. U. (2023). Effect of Ficus sur (Cape fig) Stem Bark Extract on Fertility of Yankasa Sheep. Nigerian Journal of Animal Science and Technology (NJAST), 6(2), 47 - 56. Retrieved from https://njast.com.ng/index.php/home/article/view/256
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