Physical Properties and Organic Acid Concentration of Sugarcane Waste Treated with Soybean Meal Residue and Rumen Digesta

Sariyyu S.; Ashiru, R. M.; Saidu, S. S.; Abdulhamid, S. U.; Ado, F. H.; Omar, H. L.; Isyaku, R.

Sariyyu S. Department of Animal Production Technology, Audu Bako College of Agriculture, Dambatta
Ashiru, R. M. Department of Animal Science, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria
Saidu, S. S. Department of Animal Science, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria
Abdulhamid, S. U. Department of Animal Production Technology, Audu Bako College of Agriculture, Dambatta
Ado, F. H. Department of Agricultural Education, Sa’adatu Rimi College of Education, Kano
Omar, H. L. Department of Animal Production Technology, Audu Bako College of Agriculture, Dambatta
Isyaku, R. Department of Agricultural Education, Federal College of Education, (Technical) Bichi, Kano

Keywords: Silage, Silo, Aroma, Colour, Fermentation, Sugarcane waste

Abstract

The study was conducted to evaluate the physical properties and Organic acid concentration of Sugarcane waste (SCW) treated with Soybean meal residue (SBMR) and Rumen digesta in in vitro laboratory silos (946ml). There were four (4) treatments in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatments combinations were: 1 (30% SCW + 40% SBMR + 30% RD), 2 (40% SCW + 35% SBMR + 25% RD), 3 (50% SCW + 30% SBMR + 20% RD) and 4 (60% SCW + 25% SBMR +15% RD) ensiled for 21 days in triplicates. At the expiration of the ensiling period, the silos were opened and the top most 5cm material was scooped off to avoid contamination with partially ensiled material. The samples were taken using forceps from each ensiled bottle for physical observation. The condition was scored for aroma and color by three independent scorers on a subjective of 1-4. Significant (P<0.05) differences were observed between the treatments of all parameters evaluated. The temperature of the ensiled material was determined through insertion of thermometer into the silage for 2-3 minutes and record the reading. A digital pH meter was used in measuring the pH, following standard procedures (AOAC, 2005). Furthermore, sub samples were taken from the silage and oven dried at 60⁰c for 48 hours for analysis. The results for physical properties showed that all the silages were adequately fermented with aroma varying from sweet to very sweet. The silages were acidic (3.85 – 4.76). All the treatments were firm in texture without moulds. The results of the organic acid concentration indicated that as the proportion of Sugarcane waste increased the concentration of the organic acids decreased. Treatment 1 had higher score of 4 in terms of colour and Aroma rating; Acetic, Butyric and Propionic acids concentration. In conclusion, ensiling of SCW with SBMR and RD at these levels enhanced the quality of the Sugarcane waste. However, treatment 1 (30% SCW + 40% SBMR + 30% RD) in treatment 1 produced the best quality silage.

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