Analysis of Waste Management and Profit Efficiency in Pig Production in Owerri Agricultural Zone of Imo State
Abstract
The study examined waste management and profit efficiency in pig production in Owerri Agricultural Zone of Imo State, Nigeria. A sample of sixty-six (66) pig farmers were randomly selected from the study area and data collected through structured questionnaires. The data analysis was based on complete responses from a cross sectional survey of the respondents. The data were analyzed using frequency distribution and frontier profit function. Results showed that pig production was dominated by males (62%) and majority (75.8%) were below 50 years of age. About 98.5% of the poultry farmers had minimum of primary education while 83.3% had less than 10 years of farming experience. The result also revealed that 68.1% of the household had up to 6 members in their family while 31.8% had between 7-12 members. Statistics showed that 93.9% of the respondents collected their pig waste manually using shovel and spade. Majority (74.2%) of the farmers did not treat their farm waste before or after disposal thereby polluting their environment. The pig ‘waste’ was not considered useful by 63.6% of the farmers. However, the mean level of efficiency for pig production in the study area was 66.33. Meanwhile, age, experience and sex significantly contributed to inefficiency in pig farming in the study area at 5% and 10%, respectively. The major constraints to waste management in pig production in the study area were poor access to credit, poor road network, water problem and high cost of labour. The results also revealed that the pig farmers can further increase their profit efficiency. The economic use of the pig waste would also help in maximizing the farm’s profit in addition to improvement in technical, allocative and scale efficiencies. It is therefore suggested that livestock farmers should be trained through workshops, conferences and extension services on the conversion and utilization of livestock waste or manure into organic fertilizers which can easily be made available to the numerous small scale crop farmers to augment the scarce and very expensive inorganic fertilizer. Effective monitoring services should be operated by government to sensitize pig farmers to reduce environmental pollution and incidence of disease outbreak. Government should reduce import duties on pig drugs so as to enhance increased production and profitability.
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References
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