Antioxidative roles of Glutathione, Butylated Hydroxytoluene and Melatonin in semen preservation- A Review
Keywords:
Butylated hydroxytoluene, Glutathione, Melatonin, Semen preservation
Abstract
Excessive production of ROS which causes sperm damage is the most probable reason for poor post-thaw characteristics of semen by causing lipid peroxidation of sperm membrane system and causing a reduction in the antioxidant capacity of cryopreserved semen. To mitigate the negative influence of ROS, spermatozoa have some antioxidant systems that scavenge ROS and prevents it from causing cellular damage. This article reviews the use of glutathione, butylated hydroxytolouene, and melatonin as non-enzymatic antioxidants in reducing oxidative stress on preserved semen quality. Supplementation of extenders with these antioxidants help mitigate the impact of oxidative stress during storage of sperm, which helps improve the quality of stored semen. These nonenzymatic antioxidants are recommended to facilitate the enhancement of sperm cells during storage. Studies should be conducted to investigate if these antioxidants have resultant effects on conception rates when used for artificial insemination.
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References
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Bucak, M.N., Ates, S., Ahin, A., Varisli, O. and Yuce, A. (2007). The influence of trehalose, taurine, cysteamine and hyaluronanon ram semen, microscopic and oxidative stress parameters after freeze–Thawing process. Theriogenology, 67: 1060-1067.
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Chatterjee, S. and Gagnon, C. (2001). Production of reactive oxygen species by spermatozoa undergoing cooling, freezing and thawing. Molecular Reproduction Development, 59:451–458.
Deng, S.L., Sun T.C., Yu, K., Wang Z.P., Zhang, B.L., Zhang, Y. (2017). Melatonin reduces oxidative damage and upregulates heat shock protein 90 expression in cryopreserved human semen. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 113:347–354.
El-Harairy, M.A., Abd El-Razek, I.M., Abdel-Khalek, E.A., Shamiah, S.M., Zaghloul, H.K. and Khalil, W.A. (2016). Effect of Antioxidants on the Stored Dromedary Camel Epididymal Sperm Characteristics. Asian Journal of Animal Science, 10: 147-153.
El-kon, I.I. and Darwish, S.A. (2011). Effect of Glutathione (GSH) on Microscopic Parameters and DNA Integrity in Egyptian Buffalo Semen during Liquid and Frozen Storage. Journal of Reproduction and Infertility, 2 (3): 32-40.
Espino, J., Bejarano I., Orti,z A´., Lozano, G.M., Garcı´a, J.F. and Pariente, J.A. (2010). Melatonin as a potential tool against oxidative damage and apoptosis in ejaculated human spermatozoa. Fertility and Sterility, 94:1915–1917.
Farshad, A., Amidi F., Khor, A.K. and Rashidi, A. (2011). Effect of Cholesterol-loaded-cyclodextrin in presence and absence of egg yolk during freezing step on quality of Markhoz Buck’s Spermatozoa. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science, 4:181–189.
Foote, R.H., Brockett, C.C. and Kaproth, M.T. (2002). Motility and fertility of bull sperm in whole milk extender containing antioxidant. Animal Reproduction Science, 71: 13-23.
Gadea, J., Molla, M., Selles, E., Marco, M., Garcia-Vazquez, F. and Gardon, J. (2011). Reduced glutathione content in human sperm is decreased after cryopreservation: effect of the addition of reduced glutathione to the freezing and thawing extenders. Cryobiology, 62:40–46.
Gadea, J., Garcı´a-Vazquez, F., Mata´s, C., Gardo´n, J.C., Ca´novas, S. Gumbao, D. (2005). Cooling and freezing of boar spermatozoa: supplementation of the freezing media with reduced glutathione preserves sperm function. Journal of Andrology, 26:396–404.
Galano, A., Castañeda-Arriaga, R., Pérez-González, A., Tan, D.X. and Reiter, R.J. (2016). Phenolic melatonin-related compounds: Their role as chemical protectors against oxidative stress. Molecules, 21(11):1-42.
Ghorbani, M., Amiri, I., Khodadadi, I., Fattahi, A., Atabakhsh, M. and Tavilani, H. (2015). Influence of BHT inclusion on post-thaw attributes of human semen. Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine, 61:57-61.
Griveau, J.F. and Le Lannou, D. (1997). Reactive oxygen species and human spermatozoa: physiology and pathology. International Journal of Andrology, 20:61–69.
Halliwell, B. and Gutteridge, J.M.C. (1998). Antioxidant defences. In: Halli-well B, Gutteridge, J.M.C. (Editors) Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine; Oxford: University Press (London), pp: 155-158.
Hammerstedt, R.H., Keith, A.D., Snipes, W., Amann, R.P., Arruda, D. and Grid, L.C. (1978). Use of spin labels to evaluate effects of cold shock and osmolarity of sperm. Biology of Reproduction, 18:686-96.
Hammerstedt, R. H. and Graham, J. K. (1992). Cryopreservation of poultry semen: The enigma of glycerol. Cryobiology, 29: 26-38.
Irvine, S., Cawood, E., Richardson, D., MacDonald, E. and Aitken, J. (1996). Evidence of deteriorating semen quality in the United Kingdom: Birth cohort study in 577 men in Scotland over 11 years. British Medical Journal, 312: 467-471.
Jang, H. (2010). Ameliorative effects of melatonin against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress on boar sperm characteristics and subsequent in vitro embryo development. Reproduction in Domestic Animals, 45:943–950.
Kefer, J.C., Agarwal, A. and Sabanegh, E. (2009). Role of antioxidants in the treatment of male infertility. International Journal of Urology, 16:449–457.
Khumran, A. M., Yimer, N., Rosnina, Y., Ariff, M. O., Wahid, H. and Kaka, A. (2015). Butylated hydroxytoluene can reduce oxidative stress and improve quality of frozen–thawed bull semen processed in lecithin and egg yolk-based extenders. Animal Reproduction Science, 163, 128-134.
Killian, G., Honadel, T., McNutt, T., Henault, M., Wegner, C. and Dunlap, D. (1989). Evaluation of butylated hydroxytoluene as a cryopreservative added to whole or skim milk diluent for bull semen. Journal of Dairy Science, 72:1291-1295.
Kim, J.G. and Parthasarathy, S. (1998). Spermatozoa are protected by various antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes in the seminal plasma or in spermatozoa itself to prevent oxidative damage. Reproductive Endocrinology, 16 (4): 235–239.
Kratz, E.M. and Piwowar, A. (2017). Melatonin, advanced oxidation protein products and total antioxidant capacity as seminal parameters of prooxidant-antioxidant balance and their connection with expression of metalloproteinases in context of male fertility. Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 68(5):659-668.
Kumar, R., Jagan, G., Mohanarao, A. and Atreja, S.K. (2011). Freeze-thaw induced genotoxicity in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) spermatozoa in relation to total antioxidant status. Molecular Biology and Reproduction, 38(3): 1499-1506.
Loren, P., Sánchez, R., Arias, M.E., Felmer, R., Risopatrón, J. and Cheuquemán, C. (2017). Melatonin scavenger properties against oxidative and Nitrosative stress: Impact on gamete handling and in vitro embryo production in humans and other mammals. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(6):1-17.
Medrano, A., Contreras, C.F., Herrera, F.M., Alcantar-Rodriguez, A.M. (2017). Melatonin as an antioxidant preserving sperm from domestic animals. Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction, 6: 241-6
Memon, A. A., Wahid, H., Rosnina, Y., Goh, Y. M., Ebrahimi, M., Nadia, F. M. and Audrey, G. (2011). Effect of butylated hydroxytoluene on cryopreservation of Boer goat semen in Tris egg yolk extender. Animal Reproduction Science, 129(1): 44-49.
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Published
2020-03-25
How to Cite
Bello, T. K, Oyelowo, B.B., Khumran, A.M., Hassan, R., Oke-Ebgodo, B.E., Idris, S. Y., Aliyu, M.A., & Maikaji, F. (2020). Antioxidative roles of Glutathione, Butylated Hydroxytoluene and Melatonin in semen preservation- A Review. Nigerian Journal of Animal Science and Technology (NJAST), 3(1), 130 -139. Retrieved from http://njast.com.ng/index.php/home/article/view/69
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