Determination of Heavy Metals in some Organs of Ruminants Slaughtered at Funtua Central Abattoir, Katsina State, Nigeria
Keywords:
Abbatoir, Muscle, Liver, Intestine, Ruminants, Heavy metals, Concentration
Abstract
As industrialization, agriculture and unlawful mining activities escalate, the introduction of heavy metals into the environment is on the rise. These heavy metals persist indefinitely due to their non-biodegradable nature. They infiltrate the food chain, gradually accumulating within animal tissues and posing significant health risks to both animals and humans as the final consumers in the ecosystem. The concentrations of cadmium, zinc, nickel and lead were determined in some organs of ruminants from Funtua central abattoir. After sample digestion, Microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy was used to determine the concentrations of the metals and their levels were compared with national and international permissible limits. The concentrations of all the metals with the exception of nickel were below the permissible limit, while nickel concentrations were higher than the permissible limits. The results of statistical analysis (ANOVA) indicated no significant difference at P value greater than (P>0.05). Some of the organs of ruminants from Funtua abattoir might not be safe for human consumption.
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References
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Bala, A., Junaidu, A.U., Salihu, M.D., Agaie, B.M., Saulawa, M.A., Musawa, A.I., Ahmed, K.H.(2018). etal.Determination of Heavy Metals Residues in Slaughtered Camels At Sokoto, Gusau Modern Abbattoir. J. Health pollut, 8(20):180-204.
Bala A, Junaidu AS, Salihu DM, Agaie BM, Saulawa, MA, Annette I, Adamu RU, Sabuwa AM.(2021).Survey of Some heavy metals in tissues and organs of Goats Slaughtered at Spokoto and Gusau Modern Abattoirs. EAS Journal of Veterinary medicine sciences 3(3):29-33.
Badis, B., Rachid, Z., Esma,B.(2014). Levels of selected heavy metals in fresh meat from cattle, sheep, chicken and camel produced in Algeria. Annual research and review in biology ,4(8):1260-1267.
Birninyauri, U.A., Musa, M.K., Alhaji, S.M. (2018). Determination of Selected Heavy metals in organs of SomeAanimals Reared in Gold Mining Areas of Zamfara State, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 7(4):188-202.
Bristone, C., Abubakar, H.S., Badau, M.H.(2018). The proximate composition, Heavy metals and microbial Load of Cow, Goat and Sheep offals sold in university of Maiduguri. International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural science(IJRSAS), 4(11):10-17
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Dihoka, C.E., Orisakwe, I.E., Adeniyi, F.A.A., Meludu, S.C. (2004).Liver and Renal Function tests in artisans occupationally exposed to lead in mechanic village in Nnewi, Nigeria. International Journal of Research and Public Health 1:21-25.
Duda-chodak, A., Blaszcyk, U. (2008). Impact of Nickel on Human health. J.Elementol ,685-696.
Egigba, G.O.,Odokuma, E.J., Ikhatua, U.J., Bamikole, M.A.(2017).Heavy metals in Hair, Kidney and Liver of Cattle and goats in oil and non oil producing areas of Ondo State, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production,44(3):49-55.
Ihedioha, J.N., Okoye, C.O.(2012).Cadmium and Lead levels in muscle and edible offal of Cow Reared in Nigeria. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol,88(3):422-427.
Innocent J, Yakubu M, Dyola N, Andrew E, Sara GY, Hitler L etal. Determination of the level of Heavy metals in Liver and Kidney of Goat used as a meat source in Mubi , Adamawa State, Nigeria. International Journal of Research in Environmental Sciences2017, 3(1):1-8.
Latifwani, A.B., Ar, A., Usmani, J.A.(2015). Lead Toxicity: Areview. Interdiscip Toxicol, 8(2):55-64.
Milam, C., Dima, B.J., Jang, A.L., Enech, J.E.(2015).Determination of some heavy metals in vital organs of cows and Bulls at Jimeta Abattoir, yola Adamawa State, Nigeria. American Journal of Chemical Science ,8(4):1-7.
Mohammed, M.I., Kabir, N., Mustapha, A.(2024). Comparative Study on some mineral composition of seeds extract of cassia ocidentalis, Ocimum gratissimum and Senna tora obtained from Kafur Local government Area of Katsina State, Nigeria. International Journal of Scholarly and Educational Research 13(9):13-23.
Mood, M.B., Naseri, K., Tahergorabi, Z., Reza, M., Sadeghi, K.M.(2021). Toxic mechanism of five heavy metals ( Hg, Pb, Cr, Cd and As). Front pharmacol. 13,12, 643972 doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.643972.
Morshdy, A.E.M.A., Elbagomi, R.M., EL Abdel- Galil, G.M., Mahmoud, A.F.A.(2018). Heavy metals concentrations and their risk assessment in marketed slaughtered animals in sharkia governorates Egypt Slov. Vet. Res, 55(20):103-112.
Moses, S.(2018). Determination of Physiccochemical parametres and Heavy metal contents in Water, Sediment and Fish in Water and Food crops in Zamfara State, Nigeria. A Dissertation Submitted for the Award of Phd Analytical Chemistry A.B.U Zaria.
Muktar, B., Muhammad, M.S., Yusuf, M.(2022). Health Risk Assessment of Heavy metals(Pb,Cd and Ni) Consumed in Goat Meat within Kaduna Metropolis Kaduna State, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry ,15(1):25-32.
Mustapha, A., Abbas, U.H., Huzaifa, G.N.(2024). Assessment of some heavy metals in the vital organs of some selected ruminant animals from Hadejia central Abattoir, Jigawa state, Nigeria. International journal of Environment and Agriculture, 10(12):1-8.
Mustapha, A., Abbas, U.H., Huzaifa, G.N., Auwal, A.(2024). Comparative Assessment of some Heavy metals concentrations in some catfish and tilapia fish samples obtained from Gwaigwaye dam, Katsina state. Lapai Journal of Natural and Applied Science ,8 (1),019 .
National Population Commission. The Nigerian Population Census Published By NPC, Abuja 2006.
Numbere, AO.(2021).Assessment of some heavy metals Accumulation in feathers and droppings of cattle eaglet, soil and grasses in some Abattoirs in River state, Nigeria. Current Trend in Forest Research 5(10):1-8.
Ogwok,P., Bamuwamye, M., Apili, G., Musalima, J.H.(2014). Health risk posed by ( Cu, Fe and Pb) via consumption of organ meat in Kampala city( Uganda). Journal of Environmental Pollution and human health, 2(3), 69-73.
Omozele, A.B., Makanjuola, L., Moses, O.(2020). Heavy metal contents of selected bread samples obtained from Ewokoro local government area of ogun state. Proceeding of 2nd international conference held at federal polythecnic ilaro, 10th-11th november, 2020.
Okareh, T.O., Oladipo, J.A.(2015). Determination of some heavy metals in selected Tissues and organs of cattle slaughtered from Akinyele Central Abattoir, Ibadan, Nigeria. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Health 2015, 5(11):124-128.
Okoye, C.O.B., Ugwu, J.N. (2010).Impact of Environmental Cadmium, Lead, Copper and Zinc on Quality of Goat Meat in Nigeria. Bull chem Soc Ethiop 224:133-138.
Osei,A., Bortey-sam, N., Shouta, M.M., Ikenaka, Y., Baidoo, E., Yohannes, Y.B., Mizkuwa,H., Ishizuka, M.(2014). Distribution of heavy metals in the organs of goat and sheep reared in Obuasi town Ghana. International journal of Environmental science and Toxicology,2(4):81-89.
Oyebanji, A.O., Momodu, D.U., Fatoki, T.H., Alabi, V.O. (2020).Heavy metals(Cd,Pb and Zn) Residues and organs of Slaughtered Goat-meat randomly selected from markets, Ayegbaju, Ekiti, Akure and Owena. Letters in Applied NanoBioscience 10(1):1896-1903.
Pareja-carrera, J., Mateo, R., Rodriguez -Estival, J.(2014). Lead in sheep exposed to mining pollution, implications for animals and humans health. Ecotoxicol Environ Safe, 108, 210-216.
Sabuwa, M.A.B., Nafarnda, W.S., Mohammed, S.D., Bello, A.(2019). Determination Of Heavy Metals in selected tissues of Cattle across Nassarawa State, Nigeria, Nigerian Veterinay Journal , 40(4):254-262.
Ubwa, S.T., Ejiga, R., Okoye, P.A.C., Amua, Q.M.(2017). Assessment of Heavy metals in the Blood and some selected Entrails of cows, Goats and pig slaughtered at wurukum Abattoir. Advances in Analytical Chemistry , 7(1):7-12.
Usman, S., Lawal, U.S., Oladimeji,O.A.(2022). Heavy metals in Slaughtered Cow meat in Tudun Wada, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Annals of Epidermiology and Public Health, 5(1):1081.
Abdel- Elghany, S.M., Mohammed, M.A., Abdelkhalek, A., Saad, F.S.S.,Salam, K.I.(2020). Health risk assessment of exposure to heavy metals from sheep of offal in Kuwait . J food prot. 83(3):503-510
Abdelsalam, N.M., Ahmad, S., Bachid, S., Rais, A.K., Bibi, A., Anwar, R.,Muhammad, A.Z., Hussain,I.(2013). Distribution of Heavy metals in liver,kidney, heart,intestine and meat of cow. Buffalo,goat, sheep and chicken from kohat market parkistan. Lifescience Journal2013, 10(7):937-939.
Agba, A.A., Aguh, I.B., Uweh, P.O.(2020). Abattoir Survey of Intestinal Parasites Among Sheeps in Katsina State, Nigeria. Nigerian Annals of Pure and Applied Science ,3(1) :97-102
Akan,J.C., Abdulrahman, O.A., Sodipo, D., Chiroma, Y.A. (2010).Distribution of Heavy metals in the liver and Kidney of meat of Beef, Mutton, Caprine and Chicken From Kasuwan Shanu Market in Maiduguri Metropolis, Borno State, Nigeria. Research journal of applied sciences, Engineering and technology 2(8): 743-748.
Akele, M.L., Desalegn, S.K., Asfau, T.B., Assefa, A.G., Alemu, A.K., Deolivera, R.R. (2018).Heavy metal contents in bovine tissues ( kidney, liver and muscles) from central Gondar zone, Ethiopia. Heliyon 8(12):e12416
.Aljaff, P., Rasheed, B., Salh, D.M.(2014). Assesment of heavy metals in the livers of cattle and Chicken by Spectroscopic Method. J Appl phys ,6:23-26.
Bala, A, Junaidu, A.U., Salihu, M.D., Onifade, K.I., Magaji, A.A., Faleke, O.O., Saulawa, M.A., Musawa, A.I., Mohammed, A., Muhammad, L.U.,Pewan, S.B., Anzaku, S.A., Emema, P.(2012).Survey of Lead Residue in Kidney and liver of Slaughtered cattle at sokoto central abattoir sokoto, state, Nigeria. Journal of Veterinary Advances 2(1):55-57.
Bala, A., Suleiman, N., Junaidu, A.U.,Salihu, M.D.,Ifende, V.I., Saulawa, M.A., Magaji, A.A., Feleke, O.O., Anzaku, S.A.(2013).Detection of Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni and Mg residue in kidney and liver of slaughtered cattle in sokoto central abbattoir, Sokoto State, Nigeria. International Journal of livestock Research,4(1): 74-80.
Bala, A., Junaidu, A.U., Salihu, M.D., Agaie, B.M., Saulawa, M.A., Musawa, A.I., Ahmed, K.H.(2018). etal.Determination of Heavy Metals Residues in Slaughtered Camels At Sokoto, Gusau Modern Abbattoir. J. Health pollut, 8(20):180-204.
Bala A, Junaidu AS, Salihu DM, Agaie BM, Saulawa, MA, Annette I, Adamu RU, Sabuwa AM.(2021).Survey of Some heavy metals in tissues and organs of Goats Slaughtered at Spokoto and Gusau Modern Abattoirs. EAS Journal of Veterinary medicine sciences 3(3):29-33.
Badis, B., Rachid, Z., Esma,B.(2014). Levels of selected heavy metals in fresh meat from cattle, sheep, chicken and camel produced in Algeria. Annual research and review in biology ,4(8):1260-1267.
Birninyauri, U.A., Musa, M.K., Alhaji, S.M. (2018). Determination of Selected Heavy metals in organs of SomeAanimals Reared in Gold Mining Areas of Zamfara State, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 7(4):188-202.
Bristone, C., Abubakar, H.S., Badau, M.H.(2018). The proximate composition, Heavy metals and microbial Load of Cow, Goat and Sheep offals sold in university of Maiduguri. International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural science(IJRSAS), 4(11):10-17
.Demirezen, O.K., Uruc.(2006). Comparative studies of trace elements in certain fish, meat and meat product. Food Chemistry 32:215-222.
Dihoka, C.E., Orisakwe, I.E., Adeniyi, F.A.A., Meludu, S.C. (2004).Liver and Renal Function tests in artisans occupationally exposed to lead in mechanic village in Nnewi, Nigeria. International Journal of Research and Public Health 1:21-25.
Duda-chodak, A., Blaszcyk, U. (2008). Impact of Nickel on Human health. J.Elementol ,685-696.
Egigba, G.O.,Odokuma, E.J., Ikhatua, U.J., Bamikole, M.A.(2017).Heavy metals in Hair, Kidney and Liver of Cattle and goats in oil and non oil producing areas of Ondo State, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production,44(3):49-55.
Ihedioha, J.N., Okoye, C.O.(2012).Cadmium and Lead levels in muscle and edible offal of Cow Reared in Nigeria. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol,88(3):422-427.
Innocent J, Yakubu M, Dyola N, Andrew E, Sara GY, Hitler L etal. Determination of the level of Heavy metals in Liver and Kidney of Goat used as a meat source in Mubi , Adamawa State, Nigeria. International Journal of Research in Environmental Sciences2017, 3(1):1-8.
Latifwani, A.B., Ar, A., Usmani, J.A.(2015). Lead Toxicity: Areview. Interdiscip Toxicol, 8(2):55-64.
Milam, C., Dima, B.J., Jang, A.L., Enech, J.E.(2015).Determination of some heavy metals in vital organs of cows and Bulls at Jimeta Abattoir, yola Adamawa State, Nigeria. American Journal of Chemical Science ,8(4):1-7.
Mohammed, M.I., Kabir, N., Mustapha, A.(2024). Comparative Study on some mineral composition of seeds extract of cassia ocidentalis, Ocimum gratissimum and Senna tora obtained from Kafur Local government Area of Katsina State, Nigeria. International Journal of Scholarly and Educational Research 13(9):13-23.
Mood, M.B., Naseri, K., Tahergorabi, Z., Reza, M., Sadeghi, K.M.(2021). Toxic mechanism of five heavy metals ( Hg, Pb, Cr, Cd and As). Front pharmacol. 13,12, 643972 doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.643972.
Morshdy, A.E.M.A., Elbagomi, R.M., EL Abdel- Galil, G.M., Mahmoud, A.F.A.(2018). Heavy metals concentrations and their risk assessment in marketed slaughtered animals in sharkia governorates Egypt Slov. Vet. Res, 55(20):103-112.
Moses, S.(2018). Determination of Physiccochemical parametres and Heavy metal contents in Water, Sediment and Fish in Water and Food crops in Zamfara State, Nigeria. A Dissertation Submitted for the Award of Phd Analytical Chemistry A.B.U Zaria.
Muktar, B., Muhammad, M.S., Yusuf, M.(2022). Health Risk Assessment of Heavy metals(Pb,Cd and Ni) Consumed in Goat Meat within Kaduna Metropolis Kaduna State, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry ,15(1):25-32.
Mustapha, A., Abbas, U.H., Huzaifa, G.N.(2024). Assessment of some heavy metals in the vital organs of some selected ruminant animals from Hadejia central Abattoir, Jigawa state, Nigeria. International journal of Environment and Agriculture, 10(12):1-8.
Mustapha, A., Abbas, U.H., Huzaifa, G.N., Auwal, A.(2024). Comparative Assessment of some Heavy metals concentrations in some catfish and tilapia fish samples obtained from Gwaigwaye dam, Katsina state. Lapai Journal of Natural and Applied Science ,8 (1),019 .
National Population Commission. The Nigerian Population Census Published By NPC, Abuja 2006.
Numbere, AO.(2021).Assessment of some heavy metals Accumulation in feathers and droppings of cattle eaglet, soil and grasses in some Abattoirs in River state, Nigeria. Current Trend in Forest Research 5(10):1-8.
Ogwok,P., Bamuwamye, M., Apili, G., Musalima, J.H.(2014). Health risk posed by ( Cu, Fe and Pb) via consumption of organ meat in Kampala city( Uganda). Journal of Environmental Pollution and human health, 2(3), 69-73.
Omozele, A.B., Makanjuola, L., Moses, O.(2020). Heavy metal contents of selected bread samples obtained from Ewokoro local government area of ogun state. Proceeding of 2nd international conference held at federal polythecnic ilaro, 10th-11th november, 2020.
Okareh, T.O., Oladipo, J.A.(2015). Determination of some heavy metals in selected Tissues and organs of cattle slaughtered from Akinyele Central Abattoir, Ibadan, Nigeria. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Health 2015, 5(11):124-128.
Okoye, C.O.B., Ugwu, J.N. (2010).Impact of Environmental Cadmium, Lead, Copper and Zinc on Quality of Goat Meat in Nigeria. Bull chem Soc Ethiop 224:133-138.
Osei,A., Bortey-sam, N., Shouta, M.M., Ikenaka, Y., Baidoo, E., Yohannes, Y.B., Mizkuwa,H., Ishizuka, M.(2014). Distribution of heavy metals in the organs of goat and sheep reared in Obuasi town Ghana. International journal of Environmental science and Toxicology,2(4):81-89.
Oyebanji, A.O., Momodu, D.U., Fatoki, T.H., Alabi, V.O. (2020).Heavy metals(Cd,Pb and Zn) Residues and organs of Slaughtered Goat-meat randomly selected from markets, Ayegbaju, Ekiti, Akure and Owena. Letters in Applied NanoBioscience 10(1):1896-1903.
Pareja-carrera, J., Mateo, R., Rodriguez -Estival, J.(2014). Lead in sheep exposed to mining pollution, implications for animals and humans health. Ecotoxicol Environ Safe, 108, 210-216.
Sabuwa, M.A.B., Nafarnda, W.S., Mohammed, S.D., Bello, A.(2019). Determination Of Heavy Metals in selected tissues of Cattle across Nassarawa State, Nigeria, Nigerian Veterinay Journal , 40(4):254-262.
Ubwa, S.T., Ejiga, R., Okoye, P.A.C., Amua, Q.M.(2017). Assessment of Heavy metals in the Blood and some selected Entrails of cows, Goats and pig slaughtered at wurukum Abattoir. Advances in Analytical Chemistry , 7(1):7-12.
Usman, S., Lawal, U.S., Oladimeji,O.A.(2022). Heavy metals in Slaughtered Cow meat in Tudun Wada, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Annals of Epidermiology and Public Health, 5(1):1081.
Published
2025-07-20
How to Cite
Aminu Mustapha, Kabir Rawayau Zainab, & Halliru Musa. (2025). Determination of Heavy Metals in some Organs of Ruminants Slaughtered at Funtua Central Abattoir, Katsina State, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Animal Science and Technology (NJAST), 8(1), 125 - 135. Retrieved from http://njast.com.ng/index.php/home/article/view/414
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