Effects of Graded Levels of Dietary Dried Tomato Pomace and Feeding Period on Mineral, Physicochemical and Proximate Properties of Fresh Cow Milk

  • Shettima, H. L.
  • Olorunsanya, A. O.
  • Abdu, S. B.
  • Zahraddeen, D.
Keywords: lycopene, Dried tomato pomace, lactating, Physicochemical, proximate

Abstract

The research was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary dried tomato pomace (DDTP) and feeding period on the quality of fresh cow milk. Fifteen (15) lactating White Fulani Cows (WFC) were used for the experiment. The cows were fed graded levels (250, 500, and 750 g) of DDTP, with 0 g as the negative (no DTP was added) and positive control (containing 30 mg synthetic lycopene). The animals were fed for 5 weeks and mineral, physicochemical and proximate composition assay was conducted on fresh milk samples before and after adaptation (2 weeks) on weekly basis until the end of the feeding period (5 weeks). Data generated were subjected to the General Linear Model procedure of SAS and differences were compared using the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results of this research showed that, there were significant (p<0.05) differences in the Ca, P and Mg contents of fresh milk. Ca, P and Mg contents of milk samples increased from 0 to 750 g DDTP (205.87 ± 0.02 to 353.12 ± 0.04 mg/L), (280.91 ± 0.01 to 393.40 ± 0.04 mg/L) and (69.09 ± 0.10 to 103.09 ± 0.03 mg/L), with reduced contents in the positive control. Ca, P and Mg contents increased from 0 to 4 weeks of feeding, and dropped at the 5th week. For physicochemical assay, there was no significant (p<0.05) differences in the pH of fresh milk samples, but the titratable acidity (TA) was significantly affected. The TA increased from 0 to 750 g DDTP (0.17 ± 0.09 to 0.22 ± 0.017). Feeding period significantly (p<0.05) affected the pH and TA (%). The milk pH increased from 0 to 4 weeks (6.56 ± 0.017 to 6.63± 0.013) and then dropped at the 5th week (6.58 ± 0.03). The mean TA also increased (0.12 ± 0.00 to 0.27 ± 0.01) as feeding period increased. There were significant differences (p<0.05) in all the proximate parameters (%) of fresh milk. As the level of DDTP increased from 0 to 750 g, the MC decreased (88.54 ± 0.18 to 86.25 ± 0.85%), while the TS (11.46 ± 0.19 to 13.75 ± 0.63%), CP (3.67 ± 0.06 to 4.31 ± 0.17%) fat (3.44 ± 0.04 to 3.61 ± 0.00%) and ash contents (0.30 ± 0.0 to 0.43 ± 0.04%) increased. Feeding period significantly (p<0.05) affected the proximate composition. TS, CP, fat, SNF and ash contents increased as the feeding period increased from weeks 0 to 5 (10.22 ± 0.00 to 15.17 ± 0.64), (3.38 ± 0.01 to 4.62 ± 0.48%), (3.18 ± 0.01 to 3.87 ± 0.056%), (7.05 ± 0.02 to 11.30 ± 0.49%) and (0.24 ± 0.002 to 0.48 ± 0.00%), while MC and lactose contents decreased. This study concludes that, the bioavailability of Ca, P, Mg in fresh milk, can be increased by the addition of up to 750 g of DDTP in the diet of lactating cows with no deleterious effect

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Published
2024-05-20
How to Cite
Shettima, H. L., Olorunsanya, A. O., Abdu, S. B., & Zahraddeen, D. (2024). Effects of Graded Levels of Dietary Dried Tomato Pomace and Feeding Period on Mineral, Physicochemical and Proximate Properties of Fresh Cow Milk. Nigerian Journal of Animal Science and Technology (NJAST), 7(1), 19 - 27. Retrieved from http://njast.com.ng/index.php/home/article/view/309

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