Haematology and Serum Biochemistry of Four Strains of Indigenous Chickens in the Rain Forest Zone of Nigeria

Imouokhome, J. I.; Orheruata, A. M.

Imouokhome, J. I. Department of Animal Science and Animal Technology, Benson Idahosa University, Nigeria.
Orheruata, A. M. Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Benin, Nigeria.

Keywords: Light-Ecotype, Indigenous Chickens, Haematology, Serum biochemistry, Sex

Abstract

Four strains of light-ecotype Nigerian indigenous chickens consisting of naked neck, frizzle feathered, normal feathered and the short winged were used to evaluate their heamatological and some biochemical parameters. Blood samples were collected from four (4) cocks and twelve (12) pullets from each of the four genotype making a total of sixty (64) samples. Haematological parameters measured include packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration, white blood cell, red blood cell, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoblobin concentration, heterophil, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophil, and basophil. The biochemical parameters considered are total cholesterol, total serum protein, serum albumin and serum globulin. Results obtained revealed that the normal feathered strain had significantly higher white blood cell (WBC) value (P<0.05), while other parameters showed no significant difference (P>0.05) in haematological traits among the four strains. Though cholesterol was not significantly different among the four chicken genotypes, naked necked chickens showed significantly (P<0.05) higher white blood cell (WBC) values for total protein and globulin while the short winged chickens had higher albumin values. It was also observed that male indigenous chickens had significantly higher (P<0.05) packed cell volume (PCV) (39.01 %), Haemoglobin concentration (Hb) (12.79 g/dl) and red blood cell (RBC) (4.33 x1012/l)) but lower cholesterol (92.5 mg/dl)) values compared to females. It was concluded that there was no remarkable haematological difference between the four strains of indigenous chickens but differences exist between the males and females with respect to PCV, Hb, RBC and cholesterol values.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adeyemo, G. O. and Longe, O. G. (2007). Effect of graded levels of cottonseed cake on the performance, haematological and carcass characteristic of broilers fed from day-old to 8 weeks of age. African Journal of Biotechnology, 6 (8): 1064-1071.

Ajayi, F. O. (2010). Nigeria indigenous chicken: A valuable genetic resources for meat and egg production. Asian Journal of Poultry Science, 4:164-172

Adeyemo, G. O. and Longe, O. G. (2007). Effect of graded levels of cottonseed cake on the performance, haematological and carcass characteristic of broilers fed from dayold to 8 weeks of age. African Journal of Biotechnology, 6 (8): 1064-1071.

Ajayi, F. O. (2010). Nigeria indigenous chicken: A valuable genetic resources for meat and egg production. Asian Journal of Poultry Science, 4:164-172

Anon (1980). Guide to the care and use of experimental animals.Vol. 1. Canadian Council on Animal Care. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Pp. 85 – 90.

Atteh, J. O. (1990). Rural poultry production in western middle-belt region of Nigeria.In: Rural Poultry Production in Africa. Editor: Sonaiya E.B. In: Proceeding of an international workshop on rural poultry in Africa. Ile-ife Nigeria 13-16 November 1989. Pp. 211-217.

Bahman, A., Alireza, T., and Siamak, A. (2011). Comparative study on blood profile of Indigenous and Ross-308 broiler breeder. Global Veterinaria, 7(3): 238 - 241

Baker, F. J and Silverton, R. E. (1985).Haemostasis and blood coagulation, In: F.J Baker, R.E Silverton and C.J Pallister (Eds). Introduction to Medical Laboratory Technology. Sixth edition Butterworth and co Sydney: Pp.312 - 330

Clinical Diagnostic Divisin (1990). Veterinary Reference Guide, Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York.

Davice, J. U and Lewis S. M. (1991). Practical haematology, 8th Edition. Longman Ltd., London, U.K. Pp. 22 - 28.

Duncan, O. B. (1955). Multiple Range and Multiple of Tests. Biometrics 11-42.

Durotoye, L. A., Fadairo, M. O and Avwemmorue, A. K (2000). Diurnal variation in blood parameters in the tropical climate. Africa Journal of Biomedical Resource 3: 143-147

GenStat (2005). GenStat User’s Guide (Release 4.24). Lawes Agricultural Trust, Rothamsted Experimental Station, UK.

Horst, P. (1999). Evaluation of local poultry resources for creating genetics stock. (1992-1995), published by CTA, 1999.

Ibe, S. N. (1993). Growth performance of normal, frizzle feathered and nakedneck chickens in a tropical environment. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production, 20: 25–29

Iheukwuemere, F. C, Abu, A. H and Ameh, M. (2006). Effect of Menopausal Gonadotropin on Haematological and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Nigeria Indigenous Chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science 5(7): 632-634

Ikhimioya, I., Arijeniwa, A., Oteku, I. T and Ahmed, A. (2000). Preliminary investigation on the haemalotogy of the Nigerian Indigenous chickens. In: Proceedings of the 5th Animal conference of Animal science Association of Nigeria (ASAN) Port Harcourt, 19th – 22nd Sept, Pp 10 – 12.

Jain, N. C (1993). Essentials of Veterinary Haematology, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia

Ladokun, A.O., Yakubu, A., Otite, J.R., Omeje, J.N., Sokunbi, O.A., and Onyeji, E. (2008). Haematological and serum biochemical indices of naked neck and normally feathered Nigeria indigenous chickens in a sub tropical environment. International Journal of Poultry Science 7(1): 55 – 58

Macheba, N. S and Ezekwe, A. G. (2004). Ejaculate Characteristics of three Genotypes of Local Chickens in the Humid Tropics. Journal of Tropical Agriculture Food, Environment and. Extension. 3(2): 33-37

Mohammed, A. I., Adamu, S. B., Alade, N. K., Amin, A. B., and Abdullzeez, H. (2015). Studies on Haematology and Serum Biochemistry of Broiler Chickens Finished on an Unprocessed and Processed Velvet Bean Mucuna pruriens (L) as Dietary Sources. International Journal of the Nigeria Society for Experimental Biology 27 (2): 68-75

Nigeria Airport Authority (NAA). (2014). Meterological Department, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.

Peters, S. O., Ikeobi, C. O. N., Ozoje, M. O., and Adebambo, O. A, (2002). Genetic variation in the performance of the Nigeria local chicken. Tropical Animal Production Invest., 5: 37- 46

Peters, S. S (2002). Essentials of Avian Medicine: A Practitioner’s Guide, 2nd Edition.

Ross, J. G., Christie, G., Haliday, W. H. and Jones, R. M. (1978). Haematological and blood chemistry comparison values. Clinical pathology in poultry. Veterinary Record, 102 (2): 23 – 32.

Scott M. (1996). Old world aviaries complete blood count. Issue of the Avian Quarterly. http://www.oldworldaviaries.com

Sharmin, M. L and Myemuddin, M. (2004). Haemoglobin values of indigenous chickens. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2(2). 162-164.

Simaraks, S., Chinrasri, O., and Aengwanich, W. (2004). Haematological electrolyte and serum biochemistry values of the Thai indigenous chickens (Gallus domesticus) in Northeastern Thailand. Songkianakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 26:425 – 430

Sonaiya, B. E (2001). Small Poultry Holdings, the Family and Community Development. Ethnology, Ethnics and Self Interest. In: Proceedings of the 10th Conference of the Association of Institutions for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark

Swenson, M. J. (1999). Duke’s Physiology of Domestic Animal, Constock Publishing Associates Division of Cornell University Press, Thecae, London, Eleventh Edition, Pp. 22 – 48.