Effect of Partial Replacement of Maize with Maize cob - Molasses (Mcmolas) Meal on the Haematology and Biochemistry of Weaner Pigs
Keywords:
Enzyme, Biochemistry, Haematology, pigs, MCMOLAS meal
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of partial replacement of maze with Maize cob-Molasses (MCMOLAS) meal in the diet of weaner pigs on their haematological and some biochemical indices on sixteen composite breed of pigs with an average weight of 8.12 kg ±0.5, the experiment lasted for a period of 84 days. MCMOLAS meal was prepared by mixing milled maize cobs and molasses in a ratio of 4:1 and pre-digested with an enzyme (cellulase) at 0.5 g/kg and ensiled in air tight container for 7days, sundried and stored for the feeding trial. Proximate composition of the MCMOLAS meal was determined before its inclusion in their diets. Four (4) pigs were allocated to each dietary treatment at 0, 15, 30 and 45% of MCMOLAS meal partially replacing maize in a completely randomized design (CRD). Results showed that the values obtained for haematological indices measured varied significantly (P<0.05) among the dietary treatments except for lymphocyte (LY) and monocyte (MO), RBC, Hb, WBC, GR, MCHC all increased as the level of MCMOLAS meal increased in the diet, whereas, MCH, MCV, MPV, PCT,PLT and PDW decreased, HCT differed across the treatments. Most biochemical indices (TP, ALB, GLO, HDL, LDL and CHOL) were not statistically (P<0.05) influenced by the MCMOLAS meal except glucose which decreased as the level of MCMOLAS meal increased. It was concluded that MCMOLAS meal can be incorporated at 15% into the diet of pigs without adverse effect on their health and well-being.
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References
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Okunlola, D. O., Olorunisomo, A. O., Aderinola, A. O., Agboola, A. S. and Omole, O. G. (2012). Haematology and serum quality of red Sokoto goats fed Baobab (Adansonia digitata) fruit meal as supplement to guinea grass (Panicum maximum). Proceedings of the 17th Annual Conference of Animal Science Association of Nigeria.p427-433.
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Omogbenigun, F.O., Nyachoti, C.M. and Slominski, B.A. (2004). Dietary supplementation with multienzyme preparations improves nutrient utilization and growth performance in weaned pigs. Journal Animal Science 82(8):1053–1061.
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Soetan, K. O., Akinrinde, A. S. and Ajibade, T. O. (2013).Preliminary studies on the haematological parameters of cockerels fed raw and processed guinea corn (Sorghum bicolor) Proceedings of 38th Annual Conference of Nigerian Society for Animal Production. p. 49-52.
Thomas E.D., Mandebvu P., Ballard C.S., Sniffen C.J., Carter M.P., Beck J. (2001). Comparison of corn silage hybrids for yield, nutrient composition, in vitro digestibility, and milk yield by dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 84, 2217-2226.
Tietz, N. W. (1995). Clinical Guide to Laboratory Test. 3rd Edition.Philadephia: W.B. Sanders company, 518-519.
Udofia, E. H., Solomon, I. P., Obasi, O. L. andOkonkwo, A. C. (2007). Performance of broiler birds as influenced by herbal nutritive supplement (Stressroak).Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Agricultural Society of Nigeria,p 313.
Wang M.L. (2009). The Nutrient Dynamics and Feeding Value of Corn as Forage. MSc Thesis, Northeast Normal University.
Wenk, C. (2001). The role of dietary fibre in the digestive physiology of the pig.Animal Feed Science and Technology 90(4), 21–33.
Apata, D. F. and Ojo, Y. (2000). Efficacy of the Trichodermaviride enzyme complex in broiler starter fed cowpea. Testa Based Diets. Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference of Nigeria Society for Animal Production. Pg. 132-133.
Antuszewicz, A., Swiech, E. and Zebrowska, T. (2005).Glucose, insulin and cholesterol levels in blood of growing pigs given diet with various fibre sources. Poland Journals of Animal Science and Feed Resources, 1(5):325-328.
Aster, J. C. (2004).Anaemia of diminished erythropoiesis.In Kumar, V., Abbas, A. K., Fausto, N., Robbins, S. L. and Cotran, R. S. (Eds.).Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease.Philadelphia: Saunders Co. 7th edition, p.638-649.
Awodi, S., Ayo, J. O., Atodo, A. D. and Dzende, T. (2005).Some haematological parameters and the erythrocyte osomotic fragility in the laughing dove (Streptopellasenegalensis) and the village weaner bird (Ploceuscucullatus). Proceedings of the 10th Annual Conference of Animal Science Association of Nigeria.Pg.384-387.
Chineke, C. A., Ologun, A. G. andIkeobi, C. O. N. (2006).Haematological parameters in rabbit breeds and crosses in humid tropics. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 9(11), 2102-2106.
Cleasby T. G (1963).The Feeding Value of Molasses, Proceedings of The South African Sugar Technologists' Association, Pg 113-117.
Coronado, K. (2014). Haematological Values Pathological Services, London.
Dacie J. V. and Lewis S. M., (1984).Practical haematology (6th Edition.).Churchhill Livingston,
Doumas, B. T., Watson, B. T. and Biggs, H. C. (1971). Albumin standard and measurement of serum with bromo cresol green. Clinical Chim Acta. 31(1): 87-96.
Duncan, D.B., (1955). Multiple range and multiple F-tests. Biometrics 11(1):1– 42.
Etim, N. N., Williams, M. E., Enyenihi, G. E., Udo, M. D. andOffiong, E. A. (2013).Haematological parameters: indicators of the physiological status of farm animals. British Journal of Science 10(1): 33-45.
Eze, J. I., Onunkwo, J. I., Shoyinka, S. O., Chah, F. K., Ngene, A. A., Okolinta, N., Nwanta, J. A. andOnyenwe, I. W. (2010). Haematological profiles of pigs raised under intensive management system in South-Eastern Nigeria. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nsukka, Nigeria, 31(2): 115-123.
Fanimo, A. O. (1991).Substitution of soybean and animal by-products for fish meal in pig rations. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Ibadan, Ibadan.
Fetuga, B. L (1977). Efficient utilization of feed resources and development of feeding technology suited for Africans region. Proceedings WCAP:1113-121.
Getahun K. Ashenafi M., Getnet A. and Getachew A. (2018). Nutritional and fermentative quality of sugarcane Saccharum officinarum top ensiled with or without urea and molasses. African Journal of Agricultural Research. Vol.13(20) pg 1010-1017.
Genstat (2009).Genstat PC/Windows Vista package, version 12.1. Laws Agricultural Trust, Rothamsted experimental station.
Isaac, L. J., Abah, G., Akpan, B. andEkaette, I. U. (2013).Haematological properties of different breeds and sexes of rabbits.Proceedings of the 18th Annual Conference.of Animal Science Association of Nigeria,pp24-27.
Iwuji, T. C. and Herbert, U. (2012).Haematological and serum biochemical characteristics of rabbit bucks fed diets containing garcinakola seed meal. Proceedings of 37th Annual Conference of Nigerian Society for Animal Production.p.87-89.
Jain, N. C. (1986). Schalms Veterinary Haematology4th Ed. Washington square,Philadelphia, USA: Lea and Febiger, p. 600.
Jensen, C., Weisbjerg, M.R., Nørgaard P., Hvelplund, T. (2005). Effect of maize silage maturity on site of starch and NDF digestion in lactating dairy cows. Animal Feed Science Technology 118 (1), 279-294.
Johnson L.M., Harrisson J.H., Davidson D., Robutti J.L., Swift M., Mahanna W.C., Shinners K. (2002). Corn silage management 1. Effect of hybrid, maturity and mechanical processing on chemical and physical characteristics. J. Dairy Sci 85(4) 833-853.
Jones, C. K., Bergstrom, J. R., Tokach, M. D., DeRouchey, J. M., Goodband, R. D., Nelssen, J. L. andDritz, S. S. (2010). Efficacy of commercial enzymes in diets containing various concentrations and sources of dried distillers grains with solubles for nursery pigs. Journal of Animal Science 88(1):2084–2091.
Kabir, M., Akpa, G. N., Nwagu, B. I., Adeyinka, I. A. and Bello, U. I. (2011).Sexual dimorphism, breed and age characteristics of rabbits in Zaria, Nigeria. Proceedings of the 16th Annual Conference of Animal Science Association of Nigeria.p.133-137.
Metzler, B. U. and Mosenthin, R. (2008). A review of interactions between dietary fiber and the gastrointestinal microbiota and their consequences on intestinal phosphorus metabolism in growing pigs. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 21(3):603 - 615.
NAA (2018) Meterological Department of Federal Airport Authority of Nigeria, Benin-city, Edo state.
Okunlola, D. O., Olorunisomo, A. O., Aderinola, A. O., Agboola, A. S. and Omole, O. G. (2012). Haematology and serum quality of red Sokoto goats fed Baobab (Adansonia digitata) fruit meal as supplement to guinea grass (Panicum maximum). Proceedings of the 17th Annual Conference of Animal Science Association of Nigeria.p427-433.
Olanite, J.A., Anele, U.Y., Arigbede, O.M. and Onifade, O.S. (2010). Effect of plant spacing and nitrogen fertilizer levels on growth, dry matter yield and nutritive quality of Columbus grass (Sorghum almumStapf) in south west Nigeria. Grass and forage science. 65(4): 369-375.
Omogbenigun, F.O., Nyachoti, C.M. and Slominski, B.A. (2004). Dietary supplementation with multienzyme preparations improves nutrient utilization and growth performance in weaned pigs. Journal Animal Science 82(8):1053–1061.
Oyediji, G. O. (2001). Improving poultry feed supply in Nigeria. In: Improving feed production and supply in Nigeria in management. Proceeding of a One-day Workshop organized by World’s Poultry Science Association, Nigeria branch in conjunction with the Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Pérez, R. (1997). Feeding pigs in the Tropics. FAO Animal Production and Health Paper – 132.
Research Animal Resource (RAR). (2009). Reference values for laboratory animals. Normal haematological values.RAR Values.RAR University of Minnesota.
Senthilkumar, S., Suganya, T., Deepa, K., Muralidharan, J. and Sasikala, K. (2016). Supplementation of molasses in livestock feed. International Journal of Science, Environment and Technology 5(3):1243 – 1250.
Soetan, K. O., Akinrinde, A. S. and Ajibade, T. O. (2013).Preliminary studies on the haematological parameters of cockerels fed raw and processed guinea corn (Sorghum bicolor) Proceedings of 38th Annual Conference of Nigerian Society for Animal Production. p. 49-52.
Thomas E.D., Mandebvu P., Ballard C.S., Sniffen C.J., Carter M.P., Beck J. (2001). Comparison of corn silage hybrids for yield, nutrient composition, in vitro digestibility, and milk yield by dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 84, 2217-2226.
Tietz, N. W. (1995). Clinical Guide to Laboratory Test. 3rd Edition.Philadephia: W.B. Sanders company, 518-519.
Udofia, E. H., Solomon, I. P., Obasi, O. L. andOkonkwo, A. C. (2007). Performance of broiler birds as influenced by herbal nutritive supplement (Stressroak).Proceedings of the 41st Annual Conference of the Agricultural Society of Nigeria,p 313.
Wang M.L. (2009). The Nutrient Dynamics and Feeding Value of Corn as Forage. MSc Thesis, Northeast Normal University.
Wenk, C. (2001). The role of dietary fibre in the digestive physiology of the pig.Animal Feed Science and Technology 90(4), 21–33.
Published
2021-05-03
How to Cite
Abiloro, O. B., Akinsola, K. L., Natheniel, J., & Oyedeji J. O. (2021). Effect of Partial Replacement of Maize with Maize cob - Molasses (Mcmolas) Meal on the Haematology and Biochemistry of Weaner Pigs. Nigerian Journal of Animal Science and Technology (NJAST), 4(1), 119 - 130. Retrieved from http://njast.com.ng/index.php/home/article/view/139
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